NERVE INJURYS OF LOWER LIMB BY Essam Eldin Salama

Femoral nerve injury (L2,3,4) Resulted from wounds in the groin. Motor affection 1- Paralysis of quadriceps; leads to loss of knee extension. 2- Weak pectineus. Sensory affection 2- Diminished cutaneous sensations on front and medial aspects of the thigh, (med. cut. n. thigh) 3- Diminished cutanous sensations on medial aspects of the leg and medial part of dorsum of foot, (saphen. n.).

Superior gluteal nerve injury (L 4,5.S 1) Motor affection: Paralysis of the glutei medius and minimus muscles, (positive Trendlenberg,s sign) Paralysis of tensor fascia lata muscle (weak stability of femur on tibia)

Sciatic nerve injury (L4,5;S1,2,3) Motor affection; 1- Paralysis of hamstring muscles, leads to weak flexion of the knee. 2- Paralysis of all muscles of the leg . 3- Paralysis of the intrinsic muscles of the foot, leads to clawing of the toes. The deformity is FLIAL LEG (FOOT).

Sensory affection; 1- Loss of cutaneus sensation on leg and foot except, medial side of leg and foot (femoral nerve) N,B. If the injury is below the gluteal region the hamstring will escape paralysis

Common peroneal nerve; Motor affection; 1- Paralysis of muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg, leads to loss of dorsiflexion . 2- Paralysis of peronei muscles, leads to loss of evertion, The deformity is (FOOT DROP) . Sensory affection Loss of cutaneous sensation on the front of the lower part of leg, intermediat part of dorsum of foot and greater part of dorsum of toes, 2- parathesia of lateral side of back of leg.

Medial popliteal nerve Motor affection; 1- Paralysis of muscles of posterior compartment of the leg , leads to weakness of planter flexion . 2- Paralysis of intrinsic muscles of the foot, leads to clawing of toes . Sensory affection; 1- Loss of cutaneous sensation on lower part of the back of leg and sole of foot