Roaring 20s

Warm-Up: Grab Notes Packet and Assignment Page from front cart Warm-Up: Grab Notes Packet and Assignment Page from front cart. Complete top part page 1. Schedule Warm-Up PowerPoint Closure: What were the main goals of the Republican administrators of the 1920s? Assignment Packet page 1 due Monday Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?

A Republican Decade Strikes, arrests, revolution overseas—such events frightened Americans in the 1920s and they turned to Republican Party for stability and economic prosperity

What is happening in this picture? What concept is this political cartoon illustrating?

The Harding Presidency 1920-1923 1920 election, Republican Warren G. Harding promised “return to normalcy” 1920 won presidency until death in 1923 Foreign policy reflect America’s desire for isolationism—policy of avoiding political or economic alliances with foreign countries No attempt to join League of Nations Yet President support efforts to prevent future wars Disarmament—nations voluntarily give up their weapons

Economically, he favored: Lower taxes Less control over businesses Support high tariffs (taxes) on foreign, competitor goods to make them more expensive  protect US businesses/workers

Culturally, as America became more isolationist, they also became more nativist—movement favoring native-born Americans over immigrants Nativist Reasons = Anti-Immigrant Never loyal Blamed for urban city problems—slums & corruption Fear for loss of jobs Pass on anarchist (violent overthrow of government) + communist (opponent of democracy + capitalism) ideals

End of President Harding…Literally Start of 1923, economy bouncing back + strong popularity for president Mid 1923  corruption scandals in Harding’s cabinet Biggest scandal  Teapot Dome Scandal Harding’s Secretary of Interior Albert Fall bribed by oil executives to sell government land in Teapot Dome, Wyoming—oil Albert Fall became 1st cabinet member imprisoned for crime while in office Harding died in 1923 during the scandal in office

The Coolidge Presidency  1923-1928 Vice President Calvin Coolidge became president and cleaned up scandals Elected president 1924-1928 Major View  “The Business of the American people is business” Laissez-Faire  limited to no government interference in business

Election of 1928 When Coolidge decided not to run for a 2nd term, Republicans nominated Herbert Hoover Hoover promised more pro-business, isolationism & small government = victory

Warm-Up: Examine picture on page 4 and answer questions on page 5. Schedule Warm-Up PowerPoint Henry Ford Reading Booming Economy Poster Closure: How would the 1920s, economically, be characterized? Assignment Packet page 1 due Monday Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?

A Business Boom...Mixed Success 1920s gave birth to much of modern America Shopping centers, fast-food, advertising, mass media, cars, radios, movies

Causes of Economic Growth Consumer Economy—depends on a large amount of buying (consuming) by people who use products New & Improved products  Model-T cars, refrigerators, radios, vacuums, ovens, telephones Income tax cuts (% taken out of paycheck for government) left people with more $$$ Higher wages gave people more money to spend on movies, radio, sporting events Until 1920s, Americans generally paid cash for things they bought Borrowing = unthrifty + immoral

1920s saw new ways to purchase goods as demand for them grew Credit—a way to delay paying for a purchase (pay once you hit a certain amount) Installment Buying—system allows customer to make partial payments (installments) over a few months Installment + Credit plans encouraged people to buy things who otherwise would not  even though they had to pay high interest rates

Transportation Industry 1920s  airline industry  Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart’s transatlantic flights promote idea of commercial air travel

Growth of automotive industry  Henry Ford Goal  produce cars at prices ordinary people could afford Need to speed up production (increase supply) and lower costs Originally, workers would build entire product themselves  guns Assembly Line  materials move along conveyor belt while workers stay in one place  workers are responsible for one job (install windshield) 1908-1927, Ford Motor Company sold over 15 million Model-T cars  billionaire

Economic Troubles Economy appeared to be healthy but looks can be deceiving…uneven prosperity Huge gap between rich and poor  50% in poverty Many Americans did not prosper Farmers  over production Minorities—African Americans

Warm-Up: Complete questions 1-4 on page 11 in Notes Packet Schedule Warm-Up PowerPoint Media Analysis Prohibition Analysis Closure: Jazz Age organizer Assignment Packet pg. 2 + Quiz Thursday Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?

New Roles for Women During 1920s, women had more freedom than ever before  drove cars, sports, college, teachers, nurses, social workers Some women in 1920s called themselves flappers – young, rebellious fun-loving, bold Stood for a longing to break with the past Fashion  Shorter dresses, short hair, make-up Manners  Smoked + drank in public 19th Amendment gave women right to vote 1920s women developed a new attitude toward marriage = partnership (men agreed)

Mass Media Before 1920s, the majority of Americans did not travel much and was divided culturally Mass Media  communications that reach a large audience Film, Radio, Advertising  peaceful propaganda Created a national culture (things that people had in common across the country) songs, dances, fashion, slang, sports, news

For each advertisement explain the following: Advertising Analysis For each advertisement explain the following: Selling strategy Overt messages Underlying messages

Lost Generation For some, the decade after WWI was not a time for celebration  deep despair + resentment = Lost Generation Lost in a greedy, materialistic world F Scott Fitzgerald  The Great Gatsby Focus on wealthy, sophisticated Americans during Jazz Age Rich  self-centered and shallow

Jazz Age 1920s—Jazz Age—was a time celebrating new and modern things Jazz music—mix of African rhythms, ragtime, blues  free spirit of the times Rebelled against values which led to WWI Harlem Duke Ellington + Louis Armstrong  musicians

Issues of Religion Religious movement called fundamentalism gained followers and political power Fundamentalists took the bible literally (everything was true) Argued that public schools shouldn’t teach evolution—theory that living things developed over millions of years from simpler life forms Felt it contradicted the Bible  pass laws made evolution teachings illegal 1925, John Scopes broke law & found guilty Guilty verdict over-turned by state Supreme Court **Clash between modern beliefs vs. traditional values

Prohibition 18th Amendment—ban alcohol Most Americans disregard law Bootleggers  suppliers + smugglers of illegal alcohol Speakeasies illegal bars Rise of organized crime  Al Capone

Warm-Up: Open Notes Packet to pages 25-26 Schedule Warm-Up Review Questions completion Class Review Closure: How did the US change politically, economically, culturally and socially during 1920s? Assignment Packet pg. 2 + Quiz Thursday Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?

Warm-Up: Open Notes Packet to page 16 and grab handout from desk. Schedule Warm-Up Word-Web creation & review Closure: How did the US change during the 1920s? Assignment Packet pg. 2 + Quiz Thursday Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?

Warm-Up: Test-taking procedures Schedule Warm-Up Roaring 20s Quiz When finished, complete assignment page 3 Closure: How did the US change during the 1920s? Assignment Packet pg. 3 Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?

Warm-Up: Go to page 19 and complete top half of page Schedule Warm-Up PowerPoint  Racial Tensions & Harlem Renaissance Job Application Closure: How did the Harlem Renaissance revive black culture? Study for Test 2/7 Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?

The Harlem Renaissance 1920s brought changes to the lives of many African Americans Great Migration  North and Western cities for economic and social opportunities

Confronting Racism As blacks moved out of the South the KKK eventually moved with them By 1924, the KKK claimed about 5 million members ‘America for Americans’ KKK carried out many crimes against African-Americans, Catholics, Jews & immigrants Increasing violence against African Americans rallied the efforts of the NAACP Worked in vain to pass anti-lynching laws + protect voting rights

Garvey urged ‘Back to Africa’ solution since equality seemed hopeless Many African-Americans were losing faith in the US  dreamed of a place where they could live in peace Marcus Garvey  Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)  sought to build up blacks’ self-respect + economic power Garvey urged ‘Back to Africa’ solution since equality seemed hopeless Failed

Rise of Harlem Late 1800s  wealthy white community Build up too much and buildings remained vacant  real estate prices fall Black businessmen started buying cheap buildings and selling them to African Americans By 1920, New York, Harlem, became the unofficial capital of black America Soon Harlem produced cultural activity called Harlem Renaissance Symbolized rebirth of hope and culture for African Americans Writers, singers, painters, sculptors, scholars move to Harlem

Warm-Up: Grab DBQ from front cart. Schedule Warm-Up Roaring 20s DBQ  graphic organizer/outline Roaring 20s DBQ  essay completion Closure: How did America change during 1920s? Look up outside information (3 pieces) Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?

Warm-Up: Grab review packet and find prescribed group Schedule Warm-Up Roaring 20s review packet completion Roaring 20s review packet discussed Closure: How did America change during 1920s? Test tomorrow Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?

Warm-Up: Grab scantron from front cart and hand in review packet if completed Schedule Warm-Up Roaring 20s assessment Closure: How did America change during 1920s? NONE Key Question: How did America change during 1920s?