Formation of the Universe Review

observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving

Doppler Effect

theory that all matter and energy in the universe exploded 10 to 15 billion years ago and began expanding in all directions.

Big Bang Theory Big Bang Theory

apparent shift toward shorter wavelengths of light when a luminous object moves toward the viewer

Blue Shift

theory that matter distorts space

General Theory of Relativity

sum of all space, matter and energy

Universe

matter not visible through current methods, but observable through gravitational interactions between galaxies

Dark Matter

apparent shift toward longer wavelengths of light when a luminous object moves away from the viewer

Red Shift

steady but faint microwaves from all over the sky

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

unexplained high speed of galaxies going into outer space

Dark Energy

the study of the nature, structure, origin and fate of the universe

Cosmology

_____ Space based telescopes, such as the Hubble Space Telescope, allow astronomers to see further away than they can with telescopes on Earth. Seeing more distant objects is in effect equivalent to seeing a. the edges of the universe c. further back in time. b. into other universes. d. further forward in time.

c. further back in time.

2. _____ Is the following sentence true or false 2. _____ Is the following sentence true or false? All distant galaxies are moving away from ours because our galaxy is at the center of the universe. a. true b. false

b. false

3. _____ The _________________ states that the universe began when a dense, hot, super massive singularity violently exploded. a. steady state theory c. big bang theory b. string theory d. big crunch theory

c. big bang theory

4. _____ Which is NOT evidence to support the big bang theory? a. red shift of galaxies b. cosmic background radiation c. Galactic clusters d. abundance of light elements (H, He and Li)

c. galactic clusters

5. _____ Which fate of the universe do scientist currently believe to be true? a. open universe c. flat universe b. closed universe d. accelerating universe

d. accelerating universe

6. _____ The red shift of distant galaxies show that the universe is ___________. a. contracting b. expanding

b. expanding

7. _____ Radiation left over from the big bang is called a. cosmic radio waves b. cosmic microwaves background radiation c. gamma ray bursts d. cosmic x-ray radiation

b. cosmic microwaves background radiation

8. _____ About how long ago did the big bang occur? a. 4.6 billion years ago b. 10 billion years ago c. 13.7 billion years ago d. 100 million years ago

c. 13.7 billion years ago

9. _____ The universe is mostly made up of a. dark matter c. atoms b. dark energy d. empty space

d. empty space

 10. _____ The first elements that were formed in the universe were? a. hydrogen and lithium c. hydrogen and helium b. lithium and helium d. lithium and beryllium

c. hydrogen and helium