BRAIN SCAN  Brain scan is an interactive quiz for use as a revision/ learning reinforcement tool that accompanies the theory package.  To answer a question click the mouse on the gold diamond shapes.  To return to the questions from an answer slide click anywhere.  To progress click on ‘next question’.

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. By relaxing. 1. How do muscles work? B. By shortening or contracting. C. By lengthening & relaxing. D. By stretching. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. Smooth, soft & hard. 2. There are 3 types of muscle what are they? B. Smooth, cardiac & rough C. Long, short & flat. D. Smooth, cardiac & skeletal. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. It’s the biggest muscle in the body. 3. What is special about cardiac muscle? B. It’s very strong. C. It never gets tired. D. It has no fat on it. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. 10% 4. How much of our body weight is muscle? B. 30%. C. 20% D. 40%. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. Bends the arm at the elbow. 5. What does the triceps do? B. Straightens the leg at the knee. C. Straightens the arm at the elbow. D. Allows us to move our head. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. Front of the thigh. 6. Where would you find the quadriceps? B. Back of the thigh. C. Lower leg. D. The upper arm. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. By ligaments. 7. How are muscles attached to bone? B. By bone. C. By tendons. D. By a synovial membrane. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. Cooperative muscle action. 8. Muscles work against each other to create movement. What is it called when muscles work this way? B. Antagonistic muscle action. C. Aggressive muscle action. D. Muscle flexion action. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. The static mover. 9. What is the moving muscle called during muscle contraction? B. The antagonist. C. The synergist. D. The prime mover. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. Isostatic, isometric & isokinetic. 10. There are 3 types of muscle contraction. What are they? B. Isotonic, isometric & isokinetic. C. Isometric, isolated & isotonic. D. Isotonic, isostar & isokinetic. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. Fast & slow twitch. 11. There are 2 types of muscle fibre. What are they? B. Quick & slow twitch. C. Fast & slow contraction. D. Fast & slow flex. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. Contract slow with a lot of force, white in colour, tire easily, suited to endurance activities. 12. What are the characteristics of fast twitch fibres? B. Contract fast with a lot of force, white in colour, don’t tire easily, suited to endurance activities. C. Contract slow with a lot of force, red in colour, tire easily, suited to strength & power activities D. Contract fast with a lot of force, white in colour, tire easily, suited to strength & power activities. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. Stomach muscles. 13. The gastrocnemius is another name for which muscle? B. Calf muscle. C. Thigh muscles. D. Chest muscles. NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. Contract slowly,without much force, red in colour, don’t tire easily, suited to endurance activity. 14. What are the characteristics of slow twitch muscle fibres? B. Contract slowly,without much force, blue in colour, don’t tire easily, suited to sprint activity. C. Contract quickly,without much force, red in colour, don’t tire easily, suited to endurance activity D. Contract slowly, with force, red in colour, tire easily, suited to endurance activity NEXT QUESTION

BRAIN SCAN MUSCLES A. The point where a muscle is attached across a bone. 15. What is the origin? B. The point where a muscle is attached to a moving bone. C. The point where a muscle is attached to bone. D. The point where a muscle is attached to a stationary bone. END QUIZ EXAM QUESTIONS EXTENSION QUESTIONS

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INCORRECT!

EXTENSION QUESTIONS  How does your nervous system help your muscles to work?  What does involuntary mean & which muscles are involuntary?  How are tendons attached to a bone?  Muscles are attached at both ends to different bones. What is the point called where the muscle is attached to the stationary bone?  When muscles are relaxed they still have some tension but not enough to cause movement. When a muscle is held in this state what is this state known as?  What kind of sport are more suited to if you have lots of fast twitch fibres?  Muscles are made up of cells. What are these cells called?  What happens to a muscle’s shape when it contracts? ANSWERS

EXAM QUESTIONS 1. What attaches muscle to bone?(1 mark) 2. IN which part of the body would you find the following muscles; Quadriceps, gluteus maximus, pectorals, gastrocnemius & hamstrings.(5 marks) 3. Name 3 different types of muscle in the body.(3 marks) 4. Explain how muscles work together to produce & control movement. Give an example to illustrate your answer.(5 marks) 5. What is muscle tone?(2 marks) 6. Explain what happens to a muscle in a state of either hypertrophy or atrophy & give an example of when this occurs.(3 marks) 7. Where in the body are the hamstring muscles? What movement takes place when these muscles contract?(2 marks) 8. Give 1 type of muscle fibre. Outline the benefits of this type of muscle fibre in sport & physical activity.(4 marks) 9. In which part of the body are the pectoral muscles?(1 mark) 10. Name 2 muscles that work together at the elbow to bend & straighten the arm. (2 marks) 11. What is the heart made of?(1 mark) 12. How do muscles respond to exercise & how do they respond to under exercise? (4 marks) ANSWERS

EXTENSION ANSWERS  Signals from your brain travel through the nervous system & tell the muscle to move.  Involuntary means that you have no control over it & they work by themselves such as in the stomach, gut, bladder & blood vessels.  Tendons are attached to bone by being embedded in the periosteum.  The origin.  This state is known as muscle tone.  Sports that require bursts of strength & power.  Muscle fibres.  It shortens.

EXAM ANSWERS 1. Tendons. 2. Thigh, buttocks, chest, calf/back of lower leg, upper leg at the back of the thigh. 3. Smooth, skeletal, cardiac. 4. Muscles pull on bones so must work in pairs. One will contract while the other relaxes e.g biceps & triceps in the upper arm. The bicep contracts & the elbow bends & vice versa. Paired contraction is necessary to control movement. 5. A state of partial contraction when a muscle is not being used. 6. Hypertrophy - growth, enlargement weight training. Atrophy - wastage, get smaller during injury. 7. Back of thigh - flexion. 8. Fast / slow twitch fibres (see power point slides for properties) 9. The chest. 10. Bicep & triceps. 11. Cardiac muscle. 12. Hypertrophy - get bigger, store more energy & produce more force. Atrophy - get smaller, produce less force & prone to injury.