Germans fighting against Hitler We have to tell the world that not all of us where like him (Hitler) -General Henning Treskow

Do Now  1. Is there ANY cause in the world today that would make you actively take a stand?  What is it?  Why?  2. If your cause was not publicly accepted or even illegal would you still take that stand?  3. Is there ANY cause in the world today that you would die for?  What is it?  Why?

Hans, Sophie, and Christoph

White Rose Movement Active operations between June 1942 and Feb Active operations between June 1942 and Feb leaflets created and distributed 6 leaflets created and distributed Leaflets raised awareness about the Holocaust Leaflets raised awareness about the Holocaust Graffiti smeared on walls “ Down with Hitler” Graffiti smeared on walls “ Down with Hitler”

What the White Rose Wrote  A Call to All Germans!  It has become a mathematical certainty that Hitler is leading the German people into the abyss. Hitler cannot win the war; he can only prolong it. The guilt of Hitler and his minions goes beyond all measure.  Germans! Do you and your children want to suffer the same fate that befell the Jews?  Dissociate yourselves from National Socialist gangsterism.  Freedom of speech, freedom of religion, the protection of individual citizens from the arbitrary will of criminal regimes of violence..this will be the basis of the New Europe. Support the resistance. Distribute the leaflets!

Wrap Up Question and Assignment Do you believe that you are brave enough to go through what Hans, Sophie and Christoph endured? Select and issue you have with our society today? (Government, Economy, Human Rights, Student Issues, etc.) Write your own leaflet (paragraph) of protest using what Hans and Sophie wrote as your guide. This will be collected at the end of class and count as a 25 point classwork grade. You will be graded on: Creativity Persuasion

Assassinations You can imagine that many people wanted to kill Hitler, and many tried. In this lesson we will learn about the brave men who tried to rid the world of evil.

The Bavaud Attempt Maurice Bavaud Munich, November 1938 Hitler in the parade for 15 th anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch Below write down the plan and what happens What could Bavaud have done differently?

The Elser Attempt George Elser Munich, November 1939 Below write down the plan and what happens What do you believe would have happened in regards to the Holocaust if Hitler had been killed? Keep in mind men such as Himmler, Heydrich, Goebbels and Goering would still be leading figures in the government.

The New Threat: Hitler's own soldiers The German Army and the SS Views and differences Henning Von Treskow “The Brandy Bottle Attempt” Below write down the plan and what happens After so many failures do you think those that conspired to kill Hitler would give up, continue as usual, or become more aggressive? Why?

Weapons Exposition Attempt Rudolf Gersdorff Below write down the plan and what happens What revolutionary idea does Gersdorff think of?

The July 20 th Plot The war Situation after 1943 Claus Von Staffenberg Severely injured in Africa 1943 Anti-Nazi Took over from Treskow Appointed head of German Reserve Army Saw Hitler on a regular basis Operation Valkryie

What is Operation Valkyrie?? Germany has a Reserve Army The Reserve Army is used in cases of emergency Bombings Preserve Law and Order

How the plotters will use Valkyrie The Bomb kills Hitler Plotters announce the SS is trying to take over the government (a Coup) Plotters initiate Valkyrie Reserve Army arrests all SS and pro-Hitler officials Reserve Army secures Berlin and takes over the rest of Germany

The Wolfs Lair Hitler’s military Headquarters Heavily defended Walls of Hitler’s bunker 16 feet thick Security lax inside Write down what Stauffenbergs Plan was to kill Hitler.

July 20 th 1944 Write down three factors which made Stauffenberg’s bomb not fail

Operation falls apart What factors made the whole plan fail?

Aftermath 1000’s arrested: Anyone remotely related to the plot. 200 Shot Several sent to the “Peoples Court” Roland Freisler Hitler sees his survival as “Divine Providence” What are the consequences of his “Divine Providence” belief when it comes to all of Germany?

The “What ifs” of July 20th Both Charges used Bunker instead of Conference Hut Bag not kicked over

The Last Attempt Albert Speer What was the plan?

Questions to Consider Do you believe the plotters could have ended the war if the assassination had succeeded? Do you think there would have been civil war between those loyal to Hitler and anti-Nazi factions? Do you think a new “stab in the back” legend would have evolved?

Can you imagine any circumstances in which Americans might have to act “treasonously” in order to save the country, or in order to save our values? Would it be possible for a military coup to succeed in the U.S.? What might motivate such an action