One of the most powerful and energetic Soviet leaders General Secretary of the Communist Party from 1985-1991 and the last head of the Soviet Union Changed.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

After the COLD WAR. The USSR Collapses 1989: Berlin Wall falls 1985: Mikhail GorbachevMikhail Gorbachev –last Soviet leader –Glasnost: “openness” –Perestroika:

Advertisements

Collapse of the U.S.S.R –1953 Joseph Stalin leads Soviet Communist Party and is dictator of the Soviet Union (USSR)—a union of Communist republics.

Cold War the Soviet Union collapsed by 1991 background to this momentous event centered on a number of key developments.

Study the images. 1. What is going on? 2. What does this suggest about the control of the Soviet Union? 3. Why might this have happened?

Aim: Why did anticommunist revolutions sweep through Eastern Europe in 1989, and what were the immediate consequences? May 9, 2013.

Cold War 2 Review Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.

LEADERS. ___________ DOCTRINE Soviet Leaders END OF COMMUNISM.

Soviet Union & Cold War Study Guide

Fall of Communism and the Breakup of the Soviet Union

The End of the Cold War Chapter 15 Section 5. Inferior Russian Economy The USSR emerged from WWII as a superpower Soviet Union controlled many E. European.

Fall of the Soviet Union. Origins of Decline East Berlin riots in 1953 Unsuccessful Hungarian revolution in 1956 Poor relations with China Cuban Missile.

The Soviet Union Declines

The Fall of Communism. Containment (Yes, again) Was the basis of American foreign policy from 1945 to 1991 as an attempt to restrict communism t only.

End of the Cold War. Arms Race Gets Crazy! US President Reagan increases funding for arms (example: “Star Wars” missile defense system) USSR, going broke,

AP World History POD #24 – Europe Clings to Relevance Revolutions of 1989.

The End of the Cold War: 1981 to 1991 The End of the Cold War: 1981 to 1991.

Unit 5 Topic: The Cold War ( ) The United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) emerged as the two strongest powers in international.

10 th American History Unit III- U.S. Foreign Policy World War II - today Nixon-Bush #6 The End of the Cold War.

The End of Cold War Berlin Wall-Long standing symbol of Cold War 1961.

Semester 2 Week 15.  Reagan admin persuaded the Saudi Arabian oil companies to increase oil production  This led to a 3x drop in the prices of oil &

The Fall of Communism and the U.S.S.R. Eastern Bloc Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 15 Republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia,

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. End of the Cold War.

Fall of Communism and the Breakup of the Soviet Union.

The Fall of Communism I.1985 – Mikhail Gorbachev comes to power in the S.U. He inherits a country where: A.Living conditions for the average Soviet did.

The Cold War II.

 starter activity Gorby, Gorby! You are the new Soviet president, Mikhail Gorbachev. You need to make a few changes to improve the situation at home.

BELLWORK 1.Why did the USSR go through a period of stagnation in the 1970s? 2.List three reasons why Brezhnev was an ineffective leader. 3.Summarize perestroika.

POST-WWII TO PRESENT DAY THE SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE.

Essential Question: How did the Soviet Union collapse and what were its effects? Standard: SS6H7c. Explain how the collapse of the Soviet Union led to.

The Late Cold War and the Fall of Communism HWH UNIT 12 CHAPTER 18.5.

End of the Cold War. Brinkmanship to Détente Brinkmanship- policy followed by Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson. Détente- a policy of lessening Cold War.

End of the Cold War. Arms Race Gets Crazy! US President Reagan increases funding for arms (example: “Star Wars” missile defense system) USSR, already.

Study the images. 1. What is going on? 2. What does this suggest about the control of the Soviet Union? 3. Why might this have happened?

Eastern Europe Chapter 13 Section 3. A. Revolutions in Eastern Europe  Many Eastern European countries were discontented with their Soviet- style rule.

HUB DATE 1989 The Age of Revolutions in Eastern Europe & The Downfall of Communism Patrick Perez Raffi Margossian Jessica Cortez AP Euro Period 3 Spring.

Why did Communism collapse in Eastern Europe in 1989?

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Section 5 End of the Cold War.

Communism Crushed: The Revolutions of 1989 Kevin Troy Class of 2005.

Collapse of the Soviet Union. Mikhail Gorbachev In March 1985 Gorbachev was chosen as leader of communist party Once he became leader he began to reform.

The End of the Cold War Objective: To explain how the Cold War came to an end.

COLD WAR THAWS The end of the Cold War…. Soviet begins to fall apart The Soviets relied very heavily on their satellite countries for economic opportunities.

Chapter 18 – The Cold War Section 5 The End of the Cold

Collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union

The END of the Cold War Standards and

The Collapse of the Soviet Union

End of the Cold War.

35-3 Gorbachev Moves Toward Democracy A. Gorbachev’s Reforms

The Cold War Ends Collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union & Eastern Europe.

Study the images. 1. What is going on?

Gorbachev and the Fall of East European Communist Regimes

BUSH I THE END OF THE COLD WAR.

The End of the Cold War In December 1988, Gorbachev announced that Communist ideology should play a smaller role in Soviet foreign affairs- this meant.

The Fall of Communism & End of Cold War

The End of the Cold War

End of the Cold War.

Gorbachev and the Fall of East European Communism

End of the Cold War.

Fall of the Soviet Union

The End of the Cold War.

Struggle for Democracy in Eastern Europe

Struggle for Democracy in Eastern Europe

Gorbachev Moves Toward Democracy

COLD WAR THE COLD WAR WAS THE GEOPOLITICAL, IDEOLOGICAL, AND ECONOMIC STRUGGLE BETWEEN TWO WORLD SUPERPOWERS, THE USA AND THE USSR, THAT STARTED IN 1945.

The End of the Cold War. The End of the Cold War.

End of the Cold War.

Breakup of the USSR Review – add details based on intro to the unit: Ethnic tensions Glasnost and economic reform Desire for democracy Started in Baltics.

The Decline of Communism

End of the Cold War.

The End of Cold War Berlin Wall-Long standing symbol of Cold War 1961.

Presentation transcript:

One of the most powerful and energetic Soviet leaders General Secretary of the Communist Party from and the last head of the Soviet Union Changed the Soviet system by fundamental reforms Had better relations with the West Europe and the United States “ This man has a nice smile, but he has got iron teeth” Andrei Gromyko, the Soviet foreign ministry

Restructuring (Perestroika): -Was planned to change and restructure the economy, which focused so much on the military and failed to support with the real needs the Soviet population -Permitted an easing of government price controls, which gave more independence for state entrepreneurs -Improved the economy, but made the economy stuck between central planning and free-market mechanism Openness (Glasnost): -A policy which called for increased openness and transparency in government institutions and activities in the Soviet Union - Free speech, Free expression and a Cultural revolution Democratization: -Attacked corruption in the bureaucracy - The first free elections -Weakened the Communist party’s monopoly of power nad control

Rousing events denoted the triumph and the alteration of the lasting opposition to communist rule and dominance in eastern Europe Consequences: - Entering the European life and culture - Russia and 14 independent states – broken pieces of the SU - The emergence of West and East Germany as the one - country - The end of the Cold War - The United States as the only superpower

Democratic Movements in Eastern Europe, 1989 With the abolition of the Brezhnev Doctrine, the revolutions spread throughout eastern Europe. Former Satellite States began to set themselves free to establish their own place in the universe of free nations.

,- Labor unrest + inflation + Solidarity’s refusal to cooperate with the military state = edge of the economic collapse Agreement that legalized Solidarity. 3. By free elections, Solidarity members entered the Polish parliament which led to revolutionary political changes. 4. Elimination of the Communist party and the hated secret police.

Following Poland: 1.Since 1956 Janos Kadar had been holding the power with the Communist party. 2.May 1988: he replaced by a reform communist. 3.August 23, 1989: Hungary opens its border with Austria, creating the first chink in the Iron Curtain. 4.October 23, 1989: The Hungarian Republic is declared, ending the Communist Hungarian People’s Republic.

1.October 9, 1989: Demonstrations in Leipzig demand democratic reforms in East Germany. 2.November 9, 1989: The Berlin Wall falls, as East German officials end all travel restrictions to West Germany and ecstatic Germans dance in the streets together.

In December 1989, in ten short days Communism collapsed in Czechoslovakia. This was called Velvet Revolution organized by students, intellectuals and Vaclav Havel.

- Marked for violent and bloody revolution. - Nicolae Ceausescu, an iron dictator, is characterized by Stalinist cruelty. - Mass protests in December 1989 where armed Ceausescu’s forces were defeated.

November 10, 1989: The Bulgarian Communist leader is replaced by the foreign minister, who renames the party the Bulgarian Socialist Party. Communis t rule in Bulgaria ends after 45 years.

March 1989 Democratic Elections and the Rise of Nationalism 1990 Elections in the Republics, Economy begins to collapse March 1990 Lithuania Declares Independence June 1990 Russia Proclaims sovereignty, “rebirth of Russia” August 1991 Military Coup in Russia Fails – BorisYeltsin December 1991 Soviet Union officially dissolved