1. The End of Cold War
Berlin Wall-Long standing symbol of Cold War
1961

2. USSR Leaders to be Aware of
Stalin- Command Economy
Government controls all economic decisions
Khrushchev- De-Stalinization
Rid USSR of Stalinist influence
Loosened drastic Stalin-era economic and political restrictions

3. Revolts in Eastern Europe (1950’s and 1960’s)
Used force to crush public protests
East Germany
Poland
Hungary
Czechoslovakia

4. Glasnost and Perestroika
Mikhail Gorbachev
Movement towards progress, reform, openness in USSR under Gorbachev 1980s
Perestroika-Economic restructuring
Glasnost-Openness
Leads to…..

5. How did Eastern Europeans react to Gorbachev’s reforms?

6. 1 Polish demonstrators march in support of the democratic Solidarity movement.
2 The struggle for democracy turns violent in Romania, where tanks operated by pro-democracy troops fire on government supporters.
3 Thousands of Czechoslovakians protest against the nation’s Communist regime.

7. Revolutions 1989 Poland-Solidarity Czechoslovakia-Velvet Revolution
Romania-Violent
Hungary-opened border with Austria
East Germany…

8. Fall of Berlin Wall Fall Nov. 9th 1989
Strongest symbol of Cold War and Soviet Repression…gone
Paved way for Reunification of Germany 1990

11. Reagan
Newscast

12. USSR 15 separate republics-All want independence
Boris Yelstin-Republic of Russia
Gorbachev’s power-largely gone

13. Fall of USSR: December 25 1991 Ethnic unrest Need for new governments

14. Yugoslavia Nationalism
Bosnia and Herzegovina declared its independence in 1992
Bosnia Serbs used ethnic cleansing against Bosnian Muslims
Serbian province of Kosovo-Serbs and ethnic Albanians fought over control

16. European Union (1992) Economic and political confederation
27 Countries (as of 2007)
Must have a stable democratic government
Competitive market
Economy