MSDS Training Program Sept. 15, 2003

MSDS Why MSDS ? 1. Statutory Requirement: The Occupier shall arrange to obtain or develop detail information on hazardous chemicals in the form of a “Material Safety data Sheet” The information shall be accessible to workers upon request for reference. The information to be accurate, scientifically prepared and new information to be added if there is significant change in the hazard potential. 2. To provide training to employees for safe handling of Chemical they use. 3. To help the emergency responders in case of emergency situation. 4. For safe storage, handling & transportation.

MSDS As per requirement of factory act the model M.S.D.S contains following ‘9’ sections. Chemical Identity. Physical & Chemical data. Fire & Explosion Hazard data. Reactivity data. Health hazard data. Preventive Measures. Emergency and First aid data. Additional Information / References Manufactures / supplier’s data.

MSDS New format for the European chemical Industry has included few more items in M.S.D.S. They are. Composition Information on ingredients. Handling and storage data. Accidental release measures. Ecological Information. Disposal. Transport information. Regulatory Information. (Exhibit No. (1) Exhibit No (2) )

MSDS Senses: To Identify Chemicals use of vision & hearing is acceptable. Use of touch, Smell and test are dangerous. Eg. Dimethyl Sulphate: Which has no colour (Water white) no odour delayed effect on skin contact. dangerously toxic material. Physical & Chemical properties: Chemical and physical properties out lined here are important from safety point of view. State of matter: Whether chemical is a solid chunk of material, pool of liquid or invisible gas. Method of handling can be varied with state of material.

MSDS Melting Point: It is the temperature at which a solid must be heated to transform the solid to the liquid state. E.g. Phenol: Low melting solid. In winter – solid In summer: Liquid above40C. Freezing Point: Freezing Point is the temperature of a liquid when it is transformed into a solid. E.g. Acetic acid: 4O C in Europe / Kashmir the pipe line for transfer of Acetic acid is to be insulated.

MSDS Boiling Point: Boiling Point is when liquid is heated to a point that evaporation takes place and liquid is changed into a gas. E.g. Acetone very low being liquid. In case of fire, creates pressure in drums that can explode.

MSDS Vapour pressure: It is the pressure that is exerted on a closed container by the vapors coming from the liquid. You can relate vapour pressure to the ability to evaporate. Chemicals like Gasoline, acetone alcohol all have high vapour pressures. Vapour pressure less than 40 mm Hg. do not present inhalation hazard. Some common products & their vapour pressures.

Common Products and Their Vapor Pressures MSDS Common Products and Their Vapor Pressures Water 25 mm Hg 100 oC Acetone 180 mm Hg 56.6 oC Gasoline 300 – 400 mm Hg 203.8 oC Ethyl ether 440 mm Hg 34.4 oC Chlorine 6.8 ATM (5168 mm Hg) -34 oC Diesel fuel 5 mm Hg 156.6 - 301 oC Methyl alcohol 100 mm Hg 65 oC Sodium hydroxide 1 mm Hg @ 2534O F 1390 oC Sulfuric acid 0.001 mm Hg 290 oC Ethion (pesticide) 0.0000015 mm Hg 206 oC(decomposes) Sarin nerve agent 2.1 mm Hg 157.7 oC

MSDS Vapour Density: Air is given Value “1” and we compare all other gases to air. Gases that have a vapour density of less than one will rise in air while gases with a vapour density greater than 1 will stay low to the ground. Ammonia will go up in air Chlorine will settle at ground level. Easy way to calculate V.D = M.W M.W. of air (29)

MSDS - Specific Gravity: Water is given value 1 Chemicals that have specific gravity less than ‘1’ will float on water e.g. Toluene Benzene xylene etc. Chemicals that have specific gravity more then I will sink in water e.g. Carbon disulphide (CS2 )Trichloroethane etc. - Odour Threshold value: Here we consider minimum concentration of chemical in air at which one can perceive odour. This becomes important when Odour threshold value is higher than its TLV (Toxicity). E.g. Epichlorohydrin. Which has Odour threshold value 10 ppm & TLV 2ppm means when one smells 2 ppm epichlorohydrine it has already crossed T.L.V.

MSDS Fire & Explosion data: - Flash Point : It is the temperature at which there is sufficient amount of vapors that can be ignited with the source of ignition. Two methods of reporting. Open cup / Close cup Table: Flash point of some common chemicals

Flash Points of Some Common Materials MSDS Flash Points of Some Common Materials Material Flash point Gasoline -340 oC Diesel > 37.7 oC IPA 11.6 oC Motor Oil 148.8 – 204.4 oC Acetone -18 oC Xylene 25 oC

MSDS - Auto ignition temperature: This is the temperature that the material will ignite on its own without an ignition source. Ignition temperatures are much higher than flash points. Once the ignition temperature is reached, the martial will burn. - Flammable Limits : LEL: Minimum concentration of chemical required in air that can be ignited with the source of ignition. Lower than that there will not be sufficient amount of fuel for ignition. UEL : Maximum concentration of chemical in air that can be ignited with the source of ignition more than that, there will be less of oxygen required for burning. - Flammable range: Range between LEL and UEL. Higher the range more is danger Eg. Acetylene has LEL of 2.5% and UEL 100% this means that when you rich 2.5% you have the potential for fire. Naphthalene : Naphthalene being solid has both vapour pressure & flammability range due to its sublimation

MSDS TDG Flammability : Transportation of Dangerous Goods Flammability of the material is catagorised in to 5 different categories. 0 Not burning. Flash point above 200O F Flash point between 100 O & 200O F Flash point between 73 O & 100O F Flash point below 73O F

MSDS Toxicological Data TLV : (Threshold Limit Valve) PEL TWA In the united states of America, the recommended TLV are established by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). The TLV is the level of exposure that starts to produce an effect. Most of these values refer to air borne concentrations and are based on a standard work week. Different names are given as PEL, Permeable Exposure Limit REL Recommended Exposure Limit, TWA Time weighed average etc.

MSDS TLVs are not intended for the following uses. TLV should not be used to describe the level of hazard of a particular chemical. TLV should not be used for evaluation of air pollutants. TLV should not be used for deciding on an extended work period within said environment or toxic capacity of a chemical. TLV should not be used to describe the cause and effect of chemical substance. It is based on an 8 hrs day, 5 days a week to establish a 40 hour work week. TWA represents a time weighed Average. It is average concentration of a chemical that most workers will be exposed to during the normal 40 hour work week. 10 + 2. 5 + 3. 15 + 4. 30 + 5. 15 + 6. 15 + 7. 20 + 8.10 = 120=15TWA 8

MSDS STEL : Short term exposure Limit: It is an exposure that only occurs for 15 minutes and is not repeated for more than 4 times a day. Each 15 minutes exposure event is interrupted by a 60 minute non exposure environment. So that in the course of an 8 hrs day, the individual only be exposed to a chemical for 15 minutes with an hour break in between exposure not to exceed four times within a day. - Lc50 : Lathal concentration fifty Lc 50 is the calculation of an expected 50% death toll after test animals are exposed to a chemical inhalation hazard. - LD50: Lethal Dose 50: is the calculation of an expected 50% death toll after exposure to a chemical which may or may not include inhalation injury. The doses are decided on the body weight per kg of test animal. (mg / kg)

MSDS Reactive data: When mixed chemicals will have three types of reactions. Exhothermic; Endothermic or no reaction. The most common chemicals reactions is exhothermic. Meaning release of heat. When handling oleum and applying water to a spill the resulting mixture will bubble, furnace and heat to over 300O F. Such data is to be provided here. Preventive measures: PPEs to be used for handling the chemical. Storage precaution: - away from light - away from source of heat etc

MSDS Emergency and first aid measures: - Fire: - Special precautions FFE type etc. - Water / Foam / Sand etc. - Exposure: First aid: - Remove to well ventilated area - Give water wash - Remove contaminated clothing etc. - Antidot: Aniline methylene blue Acetonitrile Cyanides Amile nitrate etc.

MSDS Additional Information / references. - More details on chemical - Book references etc - To be included in this section Manufacturer’s Data: - Contact person in case of emergency. - Slandered packing etc. - TREM Card details. Ecological data: Marine toxicity: Phenol etc. : Ozon depleting substance: e.g. Carbon tetra chloride etc.

MSDS Disposal: Spill disposal procedure, disposal of container packing material mopping up etc. Transport Information: T D G regulation Shipping regulation Rail / Road transpiration regulation. Dot Regulations Regulatory information: Export purpose : EPA OSHA Federal Regulations etc.

MSDS The early M.S.D. S. sheets had a lot of good information’s, but as litigation has increased, the typical M.S.D.S. provides a worst case scenario and recommends an extremely conservative approach to handling the chemical. The disclaimer is also included at the end of a sheet to avoid legal complications