Biomes Chapter 6 & 7

The Role of Climate Climate- average, year-after-year conditions of temperature and precipitation in a particular region ________________________________ drives Earth’s weather and determines the climate

Greenhouse Effect Section 4-1 CO2, ___________________, Water Vapor, and other atmospheric gases trap heat and energy and maintain Earth’s temp. range. Sunlight Some heat escapes into space Greenhouse gases trap some heat Earth’s surface Go to Section:

Figures 4-1 and 4-2 Heating of the Earth’s Surface and Some Factors That Affect Climate Latitude on Climate Section 4-1 Different Latitudes Differences in latitude change the angle of sunlight 3 climate zones: Polar _____________ Tropical 90°N North Pole Sunlight 66.5°N Arctic circle Some heat escapes into space Sunlight Tropic of Cancer 23.5°N Equator Most direct sunlight 0° Tropic of Capricorn 23.5°S Sunlight Arctic circle 66.5°S Sunlight 90°S South Pole Go to Section:

Biomes **Watch videos on Biomes**** __________________________- a large group of ecosystems that share the same type of climax community. 2 Types: Aquatic Biomes __________________________________________ **Watch videos on Biomes****

Aquatic Biomes: Life in the Water Lakes, oceans, streams, ponds and other bodies of water Marine Biome- ___________________ Freshwater- no saltwater

Marine Biome Ocean Life Oceans contain the largest amount of __________ (Living material) than any other biome Ecologists break up the marine biome into 2 Zones Photic Zone Aphotic Zone

Photic and Aphotic Zones Photic Zone- The part that ____________________________ gets to Plankton- microscopic organisms that float on the water Shrimp, jellyfish, worms, crabs, snails, whales all eat plankton ___________________ Zone- The deeper water that never gets sunlight Almost 90% of the ocean is more than a mile deep Life in this zone depends on plankton in some way for food

Esturary & Intertidal Zone Esturary- a coastal body of water, partially surrounded by land, where freshwater and salt water____________________________ Intertidal Zone- The part of a shoreline that lies between high and low tides

Freshwater Biome Lakes, Rivers, ponds Shallow water plants are highly productive Include fishes, algae, protests, mosquito larvae, tadpoles, and crayfishes

Freshwater Biome Temperatures vary within a lake- gets ______________ as you dive _____________ Sunlight rarely reaches the bottom of deep lakes so plants and algae can’t grow Therefore, as you go deeper in a lake the amount of populations _______________ Bacteria will break down the decaying matter at the bottom of the lake

All kinds of weather- snow, rain, hot, cold, humid Terrestrial Biomes Land All kinds of weather- snow, rain, hot, cold, humid 6 Kinds Tundra Taiga ___________ Grassland Temperate Forest Tropical Rain Forests

Tundra Summer days can be long, but growing season is short Mosquitoes and other biting insects are some of the most common animals Foxes, Snowshoe hares, owls and hawks Treeless land with long summer days and short periods of winter sunlight Circles the north pole Temperatures never get above Freezing- Burr! Permafrost- layer of permently frozen ground

Taiga Northern Coniferous forest of _______, fir, hemlock and spruce trees Lies south of Tundra- Stretches across Canada, Northern Europe, and Asia Develops from decaying coniferous needles and is __________ and lacks minerals in soil Trees provide food and shelter for animals Snowshoe Hare, Caribou, Lynx

Desert Driest Biome- Less than ____cm of rain per year Almost nonexistent plant life Cacti have a thick waxy coat to prevent water loss Animals- small herbivores that seek shade during the day and come out at night ________________ doesn’t have to drink water- obtain their water through their food Foxes, coyotes, hawks, owls, and roadrunners feed on snakes, lizards and small mammals

Grassland ___________ centimeters of rain per year Large Communities covered with Grasses and small plants ______________ of Terrestrial biomes Grasses die off during the winter leaving decay products to build up in the soil Large Herding animals like bison and buffalo Wolves, Coyotes, and Humans are the carnivores of this biome American ________ is a Grassland Biome

Temperate Forest _____________ centimeters of rain per year Dominated by broad-leaved hardwood trees that ____________________ Soil is rich and has lots of nutrients Squirrels, mice, rabbits, deer and bears Many animals will migrate in the winters

Tropical Rain Forests Most Biologically diverse biome Found around the Equator More than __________ centimeters of rain a year Warm temperatures