Rocks & Minerals Review Regents Earth Science Miss Wojdan

1. Compared to felsic igneous rocks, mafic igneous rocks contain greater amounts of: A. White Quartz B. Aluminum C. Pink Feldspar D. Iron

1. Compared to felsic igneous rocks, mafic igneous rocks contain greater amounts of: A. White Quartz B. Aluminum C. Pink Feldspar D. Iron

2. What are the two most abundant elements by mass found in the Earth’s crust? A. Aluminum and Iron B. Sodium and Chlorine C. Oxygen and Silicon D. Calcium and Carbon

2. What are the two most abundant elements by mass found in the Earth’s crust? A. Aluminum and Iron B. Sodium and Chlorine C. Oxygen and Silicon D. Calcium and Carbon

3. The graph below shows the relationship between mass and volume between three samples, A, B, and C, of a given material. What is the density of the material? A. 1.0 g/cm cubed B. 5.0 g/cm cubed C. 10 g/cm cubed D. 15.0 g/cm cubed

3. The graph below shows the relationship between mass and volume between three samples, A, B, and C, of a given material. What is the density of the material? A. 1.0 g/cm cubed B. 5.0 g/cm cubed C. 10 g/cm cubed D. 15.0 g/cm cubed

4. Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism? A. Sample A B. Sample B C. Sample C D. Sample D

4. Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism? A. Sample A B. Sample B C. Sample C D. Sample D

5. The graph below shows the concentration (percentage) of copper at various depths in the bedrock at a mine in Arizona. Between which depths should the bedrock be mined in order to contain rock with the greatest percentage of copper? A. 100 – 130 ft. B. 230 – 260 ft. C. 330 – 360 ft. D. 650 – 680 ft.

5. The graph below shows the concentration (percentage) of copper at various depths in the bedrock at a mine in Arizona. Between which depths should the bedrock be mined in order to contain rock with the greatest percentage of copper? A. 100 – 130 ft. B. 230 – 260 ft. C. 330 – 360 ft. D. 650 – 680 ft.

6. Which mineral is white or colorless, has a hardness of 2 6. Which mineral is white or colorless, has a hardness of 2.5, and splits with cubic cleavage? A. Calcite B. Halite C. Pyrite D. Mica

6. Which mineral is white or colorless, has a hardness of 2 6. Which mineral is white or colorless, has a hardness of 2.5, and splits with cubic cleavage? A. Calcite B. Halite C. Pyrite D. Mica

7. Compared to dull and rough rock surfaces, shiny and smooth rock surfaces are most likely to cause sunlight to be: A. Reflected B. Refracted C. Scattered D. Absorbed

7. Compared to dull and rough rock surfaces, shiny and smooth rock surfaces are most likely to cause sunlight to be: A. Reflected B. Refracted C. Scattered D. Absorbed

8. The diagrams below show the crystals of four different rocks viewed through the same hand lens. Which crystals most likely formed from molten material that cooled and solidified most rapidly? A B C D

8. The diagrams below show the crystals of four different rocks viewed through the same hand lens. Which crystals most likely formed from molten material that cooled and solidified most rapidly? A B C D

9. Which sedimentary rock is most likely to be changed to slate during regional metamorphism? A. Breccia B. Conglomerate C. Dolostone D. Shale

9. Which sedimentary rock is most likely to be changed to slate during regional metamorphism? A. Breccia B. Conglomerate C. Dolostone D. Shale

10. Which rock is metamorphic and shows evidence of foliation? A. Rock 1 B. Rock 2 C. Rock 3 D. Rock 4

10. Which rock is metamorphic and shows evidence of foliation? A. Rock 1 B. Rock 2 C. Rock 3 D. Rock 4

11. What do all four rocks have in common? A. They show cleavage B. They contain minerals. C. They are organically formed D. They formed on Earth’s surface

11. What do all four rocks have in common? A. They show cleavage B. They contain minerals. C. They are organically formed D. They formed on Earth’s surface

12. Which of the following choices is not a characteristic of metamorphic rocks? A. Banding B. Distorted structure C. Fossils D. Contact metamorphism

12. Which of the following choices is not a characteristic of metamorphic rocks? A. Banding B. Distorted structure C. Fossils D. Contact metamorphism

13. Which two processes result in the formation of igneous rocks? A. Solidification and Evaporation B. Melting and Cementation C. Crystallization and Solidification D. Compression and Precipitation

13. Which two processes result in the formation of igneous rocks? A. Solidification and Evaporation B. Melting and Cementation C. Crystallization and Solidification D. Compression and Precipitation

14. Which rock is formed by the compression and cementation of sediments with particle sizes ranging from 0.08 to 0.1 centimeters? A. Basalt B. Conglomerate C. Granite D. Sandstone

14. Which rock is formed by the compression and cementation of sediments with particle sizes ranging from 0.08 to 0.1 centimeters? A. Basalt B. Conglomerate C. Granite D. Sandstone

15. Which statement about the formation of a rock is best supported by the rock cycle? A. Magma must be weathered before it can change to metamorphic rock. B. Sediment must be compacted and cemented before it can change to a sedimentary rock. C. Sedimentary rock must melt before it can change D. Metamorphic rock must melt before it can change to sedimentary rock.

15. Which statement about the formation of a rock is best supported by the rock cycle? A. Magma must be weathered before it can change to metamorphic rock. B. Sediment must be compacted and cemented before it can change to a sedimentary rock. C. Sedimentary rock must melt before it can change D. Metamorphic rock must melt before it can change to sedimentary rock.

16. According to the Earth Science Reference Table, which is a sedimentary rock that forms from the result of evaporation of seawater? A. Conglomerate B. Gypsum C. Basalt D. Shale

16. According to the Earth Science Reference Table, which is a sedimentary rock that forms from the result of evaporation of seawater? A. Conglomerate B. Gypsum C. Basalt D. Shale

17. When various minerals are split by a wedge, some break evenly along a flat surface, while others fracture unevenly. Which property of a mineral is reponsible for the way it splits? A. Hardness B. Density C. Chemical Composition D. Atomic Arrangement

17. When various minerals are split by a wedge, some break evenly along a flat surface, while others fracture unevenly. Which property of a mineral is reponsible for the way it splits? A. Hardness B. Density C. Chemical Composition D. Atomic Arrangement

18. Which property best describes a rock which formed from sediments? A. Fragmental particles arranged in layers B. Distorted structure C. Crystalline structure D. Banding or foliation

18. Which property best describes a rock which formed from sediments? A. Fragmental particles arranged in layers B. Distorted structure C. Crystalline structure D. Banding or foliation

19. The igneous rock pictured looks most likely like which rock name? A. Gabbro B. Obsidian C. Granite D. Dunite

19. The igneous rock pictured looks most likely like which rock name? A. Gabbro B. Obsidian C. Granite D. Dunite

20. Which statement correctly describes the distribution of sedimentary rocks on the Earth? A. Sedimentary rock layers are the thickest in the middle of the ocean B. Sedimentary rocks extend all the way from the Earth’s crust to the inner core C. Sedimentary rocks are usually located in volcanic regions D. Sedimentary rocks form a thin layer over large areas of the continents

20. Which statement correctly describes the distribution of sedimentary rocks on the Earth? A. Sedimentary rock layers are the thickest in the middle of the ocean B. Sedimentary rocks extend all the way from the Earth’s crust to the inner core C. Sedimentary rocks are usually located in volcanic regions D. Sedimentary rocks form a thin layer over large areas of the continents

20. Which process is responsible for turning a pile of sediments into a sedimentary rock, such as in the diagram? A. Heat and/or pressure B. Melting and solidification C. Recrystallization D. Compaction and cementation

20. Which process is responsible for turning a pile of sediments into a sedimentary rock, such as in the diagram? A. Heat and/or pressure B. Melting and solidification C. Recrystallization D. Compaction and cementation

21. Which of the following minerals would be able to scratch the other three? A. Quartz B. Gypsum C. Pyrite D. Dolomite

21. Which of the following minerals would be able to scratch the other three? A. Quartz B. Gypsum C. Pyrite D. Dolomite

22. Why do both calcite and dolomite bubble when placed in acid. A 22. Why do both calcite and dolomite bubble when placed in acid? A. Both are silicate minerals B. Both are carbonates C. Both are metamorphic rocks D. Both are colorless and of similar hardness

22. Why do both calcite and dolomite bubble when placed in acid. A 22. Why do both calcite and dolomite bubble when placed in acid? A. Both are silicate minerals B. Both are carbonates C. Both are metamorphic rocks D. Both are colorless and of similar hardness

23. Which process would form a sedimentary rock. A 23. Which process would form a sedimentary rock? A. Cooling of molten magma within Earth’s crust B. Recrystallization of unmelted material within Earth’s crust C. Adding heat and pressure to a rock D. Precipitation of minerals as seawater evaporates

23. Which process would form a sedimentary rock. A 23. Which process would form a sedimentary rock? A. Cooling of molten magma within Earth’s crust B. Recrystallization of unmelted material within Earth’s crust C. Adding heat and pressure to a rock D. Precipitation of minerals as seawater evaporates

24. Which property of minerals is being tested in the diagram below. A 24. Which property of minerals is being tested in the diagram below? A. Color B. Luster C. Streak D. Cleavage/Fracture

24. Which property of minerals is being tested in the diagram below. A 24. Which property of minerals is being tested in the diagram below? A. Color B. Luster C. Streak D. Cleavage/Fracture

25. Which of the following below is most likely a non-sedimentary rock 25. Which of the following below is most likely a non-sedimentary rock? A. A rock containing fossils B. A rock composed of layers of gravel cemented together C. A rock consisting of large, intergrown crystals D. A rock showing ripple marks and mud cracks

25. Which of the following below is most likely a non-sedimentary rock 25. Which of the following below is most likely a non-sedimentary rock? A. A rock containing fossils B. A rock composed of layers of gravel cemented together C. A rock consisting of large, intergrown crystals D. A rock showing ripple marks and mud cracks

Please tally up the number of questions you answered correctly. Good Job! Please tally up the number of questions you answered correctly.