The FITS SBT Methodology by Mike Franz FAASTeam Representative 1

FITSFAA Industry Training Standards SBTScenario Based Training LCGLearner Centered Grading SRMSingle pilot Resource Management HOTSHigher Order Thinking Skills F/IFacilitator/Instructor PTPilot in Training CFICertificated Flight Instructor PTSPractical Test Standards

FITS The FAA/Industry Training Standards (FITS) program is a partnership between FAA, industry, and academia designed to enhance general aviation safety. This is accomplished by developing flight training programs that are more convenient, more accessible, less expensive, and more relevant to today’s users of the National Airspace System.

All FITS products are non-regulatory and incentive driven. Materials are “Accepted” not “Approved”. FITS is focused on the redesign of general aviation training. Instead of training pilots to meet the PTS, FITS focuses on expertly managed real-world challenges. Scenario based training is used to enhance the GA pilots’ aeronautical decision making (ADM), risk management (RM), and single pilot resource management skills (SRM). This is accomplished without compromising basic maneuvers skill sets. We still teach the PT to fly the helicopter!

FITS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA For FITS acceptance the training curriculum and syllabus must include three concepts; (a) Scenario Based Training (SBT), (b) Learner Centered Grading (LCG,) and (c) Single pilot Resource Management (SRM). In general, these concepts provide the Pilot in Training (PT) an enhanced learning environment and the opportunity to practice, drill, and then reflect on the problems and tasks he or she encounters in training. Training that does not “provide for learning in context and for judgment training” does not meet the basic FITS acceptance criteria.

SBT Who thinks that they use Scenario Based Training? B What does the B in SBT stand for?

SBT Methodology Concepts Scenario Based Training Learner Centered Grading Single pilot Resource Management

SBT Elements Situational Awareness (SA) “In Command” concept -Pilot in Training (PT) Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) Risk Management (RM)

LCG Reason to Fly Pre-brief Flight PT run Debrief Facilitator Debrief

Reason to Fly -The Scenario to completion Pre-Brief -PT plans the flight Flight -run by the PT with “In Command” mentality PT run Debrief -PT self assesses all elements of the flight Facilitator Debrief -verifies what PT attained from the flight

LCG Debrief PT then Facilitator Maneuvers Grading Describe – the PT will be able to describe the physical characteristics and cognitive elements of the scenario activities. Explain – the PT will be able to describe the scenario activity and understand the underlying concepts, principles, and procedures that comprise the activity. Practice – the PT will be able to plan and execute the scenario. Coaching, instruction, and/or assistance from the F/I will correct deviations and errors identified by the F/I.

LCG Debrief PT then Facilitator Perform - the PT will be able to perform the activity without assistance from the CFI. Errors and deviations will be identified and corrected by the PT in an expeditious manner. At no time will the successful completion of the activity be in doubt. (“Perform” will be used to signify that the PT meets the PTS) Not Observed – Any event not accomplished or required.

LCG Debrief PT then Facilitator SRM Grades Explain – the PT can verbally identify, describe, and understand the risks inherent in the flight scenario. Prompting by the Facilitator is required to identify risks and make decisions. Practice –PT is able to identify, understand, and apply SRM principles to the actual flight situation. Coaching, instruction, and/or assistance from the F/I will quickly correct minor deviations and errors identified by the F/I. The student will be an active decision maker. Manage/Decide - the PT can correctly gather the most important data available both within and outside the cockpit, identify possible courses of action, evaluate the risk inherent in each course of action, and make the appropriate decision. F/I intervention is not required for the safe completion of the flight.

SRM Elements Ref: FAA-H A, Chap. 17 Hazard & Risk, pgs. 4-6 PAVE checklist, pgs Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, External pressures 5 P’s - Plan, Plane, Pilot, Pax, Program, pgs P’s – Perceive, Process, Perform, pgs PAVE, CARE, TEAM OODA Loop, pgs Observe, Orient, Decide, Act Decide Model, pgs Detect, Estimate, Choose, Identify, Do, Evaluate Risk Management Handbook – FAA-H

6 Components of FITS SRM FAA-S E change 2, March, 16, 2010 Aeronautical Decision Making -ADM Risk Management -RM Task Management -TM Situational Awareness -SA Controlled Flight Into Terrain -CFIT Automation Management -AM Unsatisfactory in any one area indicates failure!

Summary The F/I will develop the maneuvers skill sets to meet or exceed the PTS. A Facilitator will promote the integrated use of managing resources, exercising sound judgment, making timely decisions and promoting SA & opportunities for DM as basic and habit forming so as to become second nature and always present/considered/used.

Contact & Support Mike Franz HelicopterSBT cell/text