Are you really drinking the same water as the caveman? Water Cycle Are you really drinking the same water as the caveman?

Water Cycle Water is always on the move. Rain falling where you live may have been water in the ocean just days before. And the water you see in a river or stream may have been snow on a high mountaintop. The water cycle is also known as the hydrologic cycle.

1. Complete the water (hydrologic) cycle below by filling in the names of the processes shown.

1. Complete the water (hydrologic) cycle below by filling in the names of the processes shown. Precipitation

1. Complete the water (hydrologic) cycle below by filling in the names of the processes shown. Condensation Precipitation

1. Complete the water (hydrologic) cycle below by filling in the names of the processes shown. Condensation Precipitation Transpiration

1. Complete the water (hydrologic) cycle below by filling in the names of the processes shown. Condensation Precipitation Transpiration Evaporation

1. The process represented by A is (1) precipitation 1. The process represented by A is (1) precipitation (3) condensation (2) transpiration (4) saturation

1. The process represented by A is (1) precipitation 1. The process represented by A is (1) precipitation (3) condensation (2) transpiration (4) saturation

Stage 1 : Transpiration When water evaporates from plants it is a process called transpiration. Plants lose water through their stems, leaves, and roots. A fully grown tree may lose several hundred gallons of water through its leaves on a hot, dry day.

Stage 1 : Evaporation Evaporation is the change from liquid to vapor form. Evaporation turns the water that is on the surface of oceans, rivers, & lakes into water vapor using energy from the sun.

2. Which process in the water cycle is directly responsible for cloud formation? (1) condensation (3) precipitation (2) infiltration (4) evaporation

2. Which process in the water cycle is directly responsible for cloud formation? (1) condensation (3) precipitation (2) infiltration (4) evaporation

Stage 2: Condensation Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water. The water vapor rises in the atmosphere and cools, forming tiny water droplets by a process called condensation. Those water droplets make up clouds.

Class Discussion Question Water Vapor makes up 0-4% of the earth’s atmosphere Warmer areas near the equator have the greatest amount while the poles have the least amount. Why do you think this is?

Stage 3: Precipitation Those water droplets that CONDENSE make up clouds. If those tiny water droplets combine with each other they grow larger and eventually become too heavy to stay in the air. Then they fall to the ground as rain, snow, and other types of precipitation.

Fun Facts The world's record for average-annual rainfall belongs to Mt. Waialeale, Hawaii, where it averages about 450 inches (38 ft) per year. The world’s recorded for least amount of rain goes to Antofagasta Region, Atacama Desert, Chile at 0 in one year! It takes 6 gallons of water to grow the potatoes for your order of fries! For your hamburger it takes 1300 gallons of water to produce everything needed!

3. Rain water may enter the ground at point r X through a process called infiltration. Will rainwater move into groundwater if it falls on land? Why or why not?

Stage 4: Infiltration Some of the precipitation seeps into the ground and becomes a part of the groundwater. That seepage is called infiltration.

4. If rainwater does not infiltrate, it will move into the ocean/rivers/lakes through a process called runoff. What factors do you think might affect how much water runs off into the ocean/lakes/rivers?

Stage 4: Runoff The variety of ways by which water moves across the land. As it flows, the water may seep into the ground, evaporate into the air, become stored in lakes or reservoirs, or be extracted for agricultural or other human uses.

Stage 5: Underground Once the infiltration enters the ground it is called groundwater. The area underground that is not filled to capacity with water is known as the unsaturated zone. H2O accumulates into a saturated zone. The water table is the imaginary line between the unsaturated and the saturated zones. Unsaturated Zone Water Table Saturated Zone/Groundwater/Aquifer

Most groundwater returns to the surface as flowing springs or is pumped by mechanical wells. Runoff will end up as stored surface water such as ponds, lakes, or rivers. The water cycle may take days, years, or thousands of years depending on the pathway the water takes. All of this is powered by the SUN and GRAVITY

Test your Knowledge The movement of water from the oceans to the atmosphere is by the process of:   evaporation Generally the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is greatest near the:   equator The process by which water forms clouds: condensation

Ponds, lakes, and glaciers are all examples of:   stored surface water What are the driving forces for much of the hydrologic cycle?   sun and gravity After Precipitation water has two options, what are they? runoff or infiltration

Where is water? Water can be in the atmosphere, on land, in the ocean, and underground. It is recycled over and over through the water cycle.  In the cycle, water changes state between liquid, solid (ice), and gas (water vapor).

Solid

Solid Liquid

Solid Liquid

Solid Liquid

Solid Liquid

Solid Liquid

Solid Liquid

Solid Liquid

Glacier (___________) 5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Lake (___________) Glacier (___________) Freezing Tree (___________) Clouds (___________) Cloud (___________) River (___________) Ocean (___________) None

Glacier (___________) 5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Lake (___________) Glacier (___________) Freezing Tree (___________) Clouds (___________) Cloud (___________) River (___________) Ocean (___________) None

Glacier (___________) 5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (___________) Glacier (___________) Freezing Tree (___________) Clouds (___________) Cloud (___________) River (___________) Ocean (___________) None

Glacier (___________) 5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (___________) Glacier (___________) Freezing Tree (___________) Clouds (___________) Cloud (___________) River (___________) Ocean (___________) None

5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (Liquid) Glacier (Solid) Freezing Tree (___________) Clouds (___________) Cloud (___________) River (___________) Lake (___________) Ocean (___________) None

5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (Liquid) Glacier (Solid) Freezing Tree (Liquid) Clouds (Gas) Cloud (___________) River (___________) Lake (___________) Ocean (___________) None

5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (Liquid) Glacier (Solid) Freezing Tree (Liquid) Clouds (Gas) Cloud (___________) River (___________) Lake (___________) Ocean (___________) None

5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (Liquid) Glacier (Solid) Freezing Tree (Liquid) Clouds (Gas) Vaporization Cloud (___________) River (___________) Lake (___________) Ocean (___________) None

5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (Liquid) Glacier (Solid) Freezing Tree (Liquid) Clouds (Gas) Vaporization Cloud (Gas) River (Liquid) Lake (___________) Ocean (___________) None

5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (Liquid) Glacier (Solid) Freezing Tree (Liquid) Clouds (Gas) Vaporization Cloud (Gas) River (Liquid) Lake (___________) Ocean (___________) None

5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (Liquid) Glacier (Solid) Freezing Tree (Liquid) Clouds (Gas) Vaporization Cloud (Gas) River (Liquid) Condensation Lake (___________) Ocean (___________) None

5. For each movement in the water cycle below, indicate the type of state change occurring. Moving from... ...to Phase change Glacier (solid) Clouds (gas) Sublimation Lake (Liquid) Glacier (Solid) Freezing Tree (Liquid) Clouds (Gas) Vaporization Cloud (Gas) River (Liquid) Condensation Ocean (Liquid) None

Rate of Infiltration is affected by… 1. size of pore spaces The larger the size of pores, the greater the infiltration 2. How saturated the soil is The more water contained in pore spaces the slower the rate of infiltration 3. The arrangement of particles Particles of mixed size tend to pack together reducing the amount of pore space in the ground. Sorted particles of similar size have the greatest infiltration rate.