By: Kaila & Chelsey Ocean Exploration By: Kaila and Chelsey

Ocean exploration is discovery through disciplined, diverse observations and recordings of findings. It includes rigorous, systematic observations and documentation of biological, chemical physical, geological and archeological aspects of the ocean in the three dimensions of space and in time. What is Ocean Exploration? Ocean exploration is discovery through disciplined, diverse observations and recordings of findings. It includes rigorous, systematic observations and documentation of biological, chemical physical, geological and archeological aspects of the ocean in the three dimensions of space and in time.

Early History Surveying began at the coastline but slowly inched outward towards the sea. First research included; the studies of tides and tidal currents, the collection of samples to determine characteristics for the anchoring of vessels, and noises, to determine the depth and physical features of water near the coast.

Surveying began at the coastline but slowly inched outward towards the sea. First research included; the studies of tides and tidal currents, the collection of samples to determine characteristics for the anchoring of vessels, and noises to determine the depth and physical features of water near the coast.  The first people to venture into the sea explored the ocean close to the shore. The Greeks and Chinese were the first societies who went deeper into sea. They were diving into the ocean to gather food and collect shells.  In the mid 1500s, Europe became interested in what was beneath the waves. With crude helmets and diving bells, they were able to spend only a very short time in shallow waters, but they were able to see plants and fish that were not visible from the surface.  Next helmets or bells that allowed explorers to spend more time on the bottom of the ocean were developed.  The Challenger Expedition was a four-year scientific tour of the world's oceans in order to gather information about the ocean, its currents, sea life, soundings, the seafloor composition, and biology. Thompson and his staff discovered over 4500 new species of ocean life forms as well as underwater features ;ike the Marianas Trench and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.  During the last 60 years, important discoveries about the ocean have helped us learn about life in the ocean. *Next, helmets or bells that allowed explorers to spend more time on the bottom of the ocean, were developed. *The Challenger Expedition was a four-year scientific tour of the world's oceans in order to gather information about the ocean, its currents, sea life, soundings, the seafloor composition, and biology. Thompson and his staff discovered over 4500 new species of ocean life forms as well as underwater features like the Marianas Trench and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. *During the last 60 years, important discoveries about the ocean have helped us learn about life in the ocean. *The first people to venture into the sea explored the ocean close to the shore. The Greeks and Chinese were the first societies who went deeper into sea. They were diving into the ocean to gather food and collect shells. *In the mid 1500s, Europe became interested in what was beneath the waves. With crude helmets and diving bells, they were able to spend only a very short time in shallow waters, but they were able to see plants and fish that were not visible from the surface.

Technology; Robotic Vessels Robotic Vessels are designed to take pictures and videos deep under water. They are also remote Controlled and contains a camera that holds four hours of tape. It can take up to 3000 photos. It uses side scanning sonars for locating mineral deposits. It also have a profiler that can tell us how deep these deposits are. Robotic Vessels are designed to take pictures and videos deep under water. They are remote controlled and contains a camera that holds four hours of tape. It can take up to 3000 photos. It uses side scanning sonars for locating mineral deposits. It also have a profiler that can tell us how deep these deposits are. Technology: Robotic Vessels

Technology; Submarines Submarines are ships that can operate both under and on top of water. A deep diving submarine used to explore the ocean is called a submersible. How they Work? Submarines are designed for use at great depths, they are rigid and are double walled. Their composition is a mixture of metal, air and water. Air is compressed, and water fills the compartments in the ballast tank so that the submarine is less dense than water and able to sink. Submarines are ships that can operate both under and on top of water. A deep diving submarine used to explore the ocean is called a submersible. Submarines are designed for use at great depths, they are rigid and are double walled. Their composition is a mixture of metal, air and water. Air is compressed, and water fills the compartments in the ballast tank so that the submarine is less dense than water and able to sink. Technology: Submarines

Technology; Computer Programs Not only are simple technologies like diving used to explore the ocean, but more advanced technologies such as computer programs are also used. Google Earth enables you to look beneath the ocean’s surface and explore wild-life andcoral reefs. Technology: Computer Programs

Jacques Cousteau created one of the first underwater methods of breathing, he called it the “Aqua-Lung”. The “Aqua-Lung” is a device created to allow divers to dive deeper for longer periods of time. It was made of a regulator and three cylinders of air.

The future of Ocean Exploration The Sea Orbiter The Sea Orbiter will be the world’s first vertical ship 51m high it will allow man a view of life below the surface. It is still only a prototype invented by Jacques Rougerie but will soon become a reality. The Sea Orbiter will provide a permanent mobile presence with windows under the surface of the sea. It will cost £32million to build the first Sea Orbiter. As well as ocean exploration the Sea Orbiter would also be a useful tool for studying the link between global warming and the oceans.

The future of ocean exploration Over exploration of the world’s aquatic life and ecosystems will create serious damage in the future. Tourism in ocean bordering countries creates more and more exploitation and pollution in normally human-free environments. Over exploring the ocean will lead to damaged ecosystems and wild life. Along with advantages comes disadvantages. Over exploration of the ocean can destroy ecosystems as well as aquatic life. Another disadvantage is pollution. Tourism in ocean bordering countries creates more and more exploitation and pollution in normally human-free environments. The future of Ocean Exploration

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