Environmental Technology ChimH409 (2-0-1) Michel Verbanck 2012 Universite Libre de Bruxelles Bruface Dept Water Pollution Control

Presented the main environmental issues with a chemistry viewpoint with a relatively wide perspective regarding intervention strategies crossing all three environmental compartments A follow-up to the course: Environmental Pollution (ChimH302)

Environmental Technology (2-0-0 visit ) Michel Verbanck 2012 Universite Libre de Bruxelles School of Bioscience Engineering (EIB) Delegates: please provide your coordinates

Course structure Part 1. Introduction (incl. generic methods) Part 2. Air pollution control engineering Part 3. Water & wastewater treatment Part 4. Solid and hazardous wastes

Password: Depoll13 access to the course slides through the Dept Web page:

Part 1. Introduction, methods, toolboxes brief overview of earlier course (compartments, scales, sustainable development & resources) materials balance analysis: its relevance in environmental diagnostic an introduction to industrial ecology: Kalundborg, DK main principles of green engineering (green design) Life-cycle-analysis (LCA / Ecobilan) the spinash cannery example: exposed to stringent environmental regulations

Part 1. Introduction, methods, toolboxes brief overview of earlier course (compartments, scales, sustainable development & resources) materials balance analysis: its relevance in environmental diagnostic an introduction to industrial ecology: Kalundborg, DK main principles of green engineering (green design) Life-cycle-analysis (LCA / Ecobilan) the spinash cannery example: exposed to stringent environmental regulations

Principles of green engineering *same product, same material components, BUT:.. making component disassembly much easier

Principles of green engineering *same product, same material components, BUT:.. making component disassembly much easier.. revision of the manufacturing process.. revision of the mode of operation

Water management in a modern car-wash facility Pre- treatment Post- treatment wastewater collected discharge to sewer discharge to surface water new water input Diversion of regained water wastewater Regeneration

Principle: The cleanest product is washed with the cleanest water and the most contaminated product is washed with the dirtiest water. The system leads to huge savings in water use. It also allows to reduce costs in wastewater treatment implementation. Note: in environmental engineering DILUTION is generally one of your most worrying enemies. Counter-Current Washing Material Flow Water Flow

Principles of green design *same product, same material components, BUT:.. making component disassembly much easier.. revision of the manufacturing process.. revision of the mode of operation *identify material components of lesser polluting impact * product with identical functionality (service to customer) but totally reimagined & redesigned

Alternative materials and formulations Paper industry paper inks can be reformulated so that they are easier to remove when paper is recycled Inks & pigments new inks without Cadmium Aeronautics replace cyanide baths for metal-plating by non-cyanurated baths Textile industry use UV-desinfection instead of chlorine-based biocides replace organic solvent by aqueous medium dry cleaning can be performed using supercritical CO 2 as a solvent (instead of highly-polluting perchloroethylene)

dry cleaning of textiles can be performed using supercritical CO 2 as a solvent (instead of highly-polluting perchloroethylene) Merits: has the density and the solvant capacity of a liquid; but has viscosity, and importantly the diffusivity, of a gas (occupies all available volume). Critical temperature is low (31°C) -> allows thermosensitive applications Non-inflammable, no odour, chemically inert.

Let’s now consider the entire ‘life’ of a product

Life-Cycle-Analysis (LCA / Ecobilan)

Recently appointed as Environment & Safety Officer in a company Vegetable processing and canning 10 Tons / day net products How could I enforce up-to-date environmental management in the company ? technical aspects.. internal to the plant.. external regulatory aspects.. emission standards.. immission standards

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Environmental regulations ?

The activity of my canning company corresponds to NACE code (not elsewhere classified)

Set of local regulations WILL be written in the local language!

Sectorial norm for vegetable-processing factories (Walloon Region, 2003)

Annual tax due for a given wastewater discharge settled water 2hr If smaller than 2000 E.H. (discharged to sewers or WWTP) If toxins are present If