DO NOW: REVIEW FROM YESTERDAY: You need your reference table… Name the element Period 7, group 1 Period 4, Halogen family 2 energy shells, Alkaline Earth Metal Noble gas, period 2 3 valance electrons, period 3 6 valance electrons, 3 energy shells 1 energy shell, 2 valance electrons Row 4, Carbon Family

What is the periodic table? compact way of organizing elements contains a lot of information allows us to make predictions about behaviour and properties of elements Elements

Periodic Law There is a periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of elements when arranged by increasing atomic number

Classifying the Elements 75% of elements are metals Remaining elements: non-metals & metalloids (semi-metals) Staircase: dividing line between metals & nonmetals elements to left are metals elements to right are non-metals

Properties of Metals Malleable – flattened into sheets Ductile – drawn into wires & tubes have Luster Good Conductors of heat & electricity Solid at room temperature (except Hg) Metals lose electrons & form positive ions “Metals are losers”

So…metals don’t want electrons, they want to get rid of them 2-8-1 2-8

METALS MOST REACTIVE METAL (MOST METALLIC) = BEST LOSER LIQUID SOLIDS Hg

Properties of Nonmetals generally gases or solids (except Br2) solids are Brittle solids are Dull poor conductors of heat & electricity Nonmetals gain electrons & form negative ions “Nonmetals are winners”

So…nonmetals love electrons, they want to take electrons 2-6 2-8

NONMETALS METALS Non-reactive – they have all 8 valance electrons LIQUID NONMETALS SOLIDS METALS MOST REACTIVE NONMETAL MOST REACTIVE METAL (MOST METALLIC) = BEST LOSER Br Hg Non-reactive – they have all 8 valance electrons

Most elements are solid at room temperature Liquids (only 2 at room temp.) Br2 (non-metal) and Hg (metal) GASES Elements that are gases at STP are… Diatomics: They don’t like to be alone so they always pair up! H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2 Monatomics: noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

NONMETALS METALS Non-reactive – they have all 8 valance electrons LIQUID GASSES NONMETALS He H SOLIDS N O F Ne METALS Cl Ar MOST REACTIVE NONMETAL MOST REACTIVE METAL (MOST METALLIC) = BEST LOSER Br Kr Xe Hg Rn Non-reactive – they have all 8 valance electrons

Properties of Metalloids Each metalloid has some metallic and some nonmetallic properties Example:Si shiny like metal but brittle like nonmetal