1 Sustainable Future for the Asia and Pacific Region and the Challenges to the UN DESD United Nations University, VR, ESD Itaru YASUI

2 UNU Mission & Roles "to contribute, through research and capacity building, to efforts to resolve the pressing global problems that are the concern of the United Nations, its Peoples and Member States" An international community of scholars A bridge between the United Nations and the international academic community A think-tank for the United Nations system A builder of capacities, particularly in developing countries A platform for innovative, creative ideas Environmental Issues & Sustainable Development

3 Research Training Center/Program Japan UNU/IAS in Yokohama Iceland UNU/GTP, UNU/FTP Netherlands UNU/INTECH Germany UNU/GHS New from 2004 Belgium UNU/CRIS Finland UNU/WIDER Ghana UNU/INRA Jordan UNU/ILI Macao UNU/IIST And more Now 16??

4 ESD Programs at UNU/HQ UNU’s Environment and Sustainable Development (ESD) Programme focuses on the interactions between human activities and the natural environment, and their implications for sustainable human development. Based on an appraisal of current challenges and the targets set forth by the global community through the WSSD and Action Plan, etc., ESD has defined four broad thematic areas to concentrate future research as Sustainable Urbanization Management of Fragile Ecosystems Solutions to Water Crises Environmental Governance and Information Programme Development based on Holistic View of Environmental Transitions

5 Millennium Development Goals The Millennium Development Goals are an ambitious agenda for reducing poverty and improving lives that world leaders agreed on at the Millennium Summit in September For each goal one or more targets have been set, most for 2015, using 1990 as a benchmark:Millennium Summit

6 8 Goals in MDG 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 2. Achieve universal primary education 3. Promote gender equality and empower women 4. Reduce child mortality 5. Improve maternal health 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases 7. Ensure environmental sustainability 8. Develop a global partnership for development

7 WSSD Plan of Implementation Poverty eradication Changing unsustainable patterns of consumption and production Protection and managing the natural resource base of economic and social development Sustainable development in a globalizing world Health and sustainable development in Johannesburg 2002

8 GDP vs. Life Expectancy

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11 "Sustainable Development is Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is not a fixed state of harmony, but rather a process of change in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of investments, the orientation of technological development, and institutional change are made consistent with future as well as present needs." (Brundtland Report 1987) Brundtland Type Definition

12 Fairness & Justice Sustainable Development by UN System Human Equity Economic Aspects Social Aspects Resource Consumption Ecological Impact Resource Factor Eco-System Factor Limitation of Earth Human Health Overcome Poverty Case for Japan

13 Sustainability Triple Bottom Line Environmental Aspects Social Aspects Economic Aspects Start Point

14 Quantity Development Decoupling and Stage of Development 1 Stage 1 Space Bio-Resource Resource/Energy Water Ecosystem Human Stable Society Incentive/Effort Optimum Tech Destructive Use Ecosystem Education Information Capacity Building

15 Quantity Development Decoupling and Stage of Development Casualties by Natural Disaster Damage By Pollution 2 Resource Energy Water Technology Legal Framework Social Stock Stage 2 Education Information Technology Transfer Capacity Building

16 Quantity Development Decoupling and Stage of Development 3 Science Legal Framework Value Judgment Education Information Stage 3 Energy Waste Management Destructive Use Ecosystem

17 Quantity Development Decoupling and Stage of Development Material/Energy Carbon Dioxide 4 Education Information Life Style Foresight Intelligence Tax/Incentives High Tech Craftsmanship Tradition Stage 4 ?

18 History of UN Education for Sustainable Development 1992: EfSD was first described by Chapter 36 of Agenda : World Conference on High Education by UNESCO 2002: Johannesburg WSSD Plan of Implementation Ubuntu Declaration 2002: UN General Assembly UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development

19 “ Ubuntu Declaration ” at Johannesburg WSSD The Ubuntu Declaration strives to ensure that educators and learners from primary to the highest levels of education, taking part in both formal and non-formal education, are aware of the imperatives of sustainable development. Through the focused work of this network of networks it is anticipated that more people worldwide will come to practice, in their work and life habits, the values and principles of sustainability.

20 Ubuntu Alliance United Nations University; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; International Association of Universities; Third World Academy of Sciences; African Academy of Science; Science Council of Asia; International Council for Science; World Federation of Engineering Organizations; Copernicus-Campus; Global Higher Education for Sustainability Partnership; and University Leaders for a Sustainable Future.

21 Most Important Thing = Education for All Levels of People Final Target of Education To Understand the Relation between the Limitation of the Earth and Human Activities To Act Sustainable Way, which depends on the situation of the Region A Case for Pacific Islands found in MOU with USP/UNU Environmental monitoring and preservation Climate change, climate variability, extreme events and disaster management Water resources development and management Integrated Coastal Management Integrated waste management, and pollution control Natural resource management in general Role of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in sustainable development

22 Method : Links and Cooperation To Understand the Importance of Regional Community To make Links between Science Sector (Universities) and Primary and Secondary Schools. To make Links between Formal Education Sector and non-Formal one, such as Regional business sectors, NGOs, Media, Schools etc.

23 UNU/IAS Regional Center of Expertise University Secondary Schools Primary Schools University Secondary Schools Primary Schools Research Centers (Science) Museums Botanical Gardens Local Business Local Governments Community Leaders Lateral Links Horizontal Links Horizontal Links Vertical Links Formal Education SectorNon Formal Education Sector

24 General Components for EfSD Social Aspects Human Rights, Peace, Gender Equity, Cultural Diversity, Health, AIDS, Governance Environmental Aspects Natural Resource Management, Climate Change, Transition of Agriculture, Sustainable Urbanization, Natural Disaster Prevention Economic Aspects Poverty Eradication, CSR Change Non-Sustainable Life Style Most Important Thing to People in Industrialized Countries

25 Personal Activities: Three Conditions to be Ready to Change Life Style (1) Own Health is relatively well protected. (2) To understand the current speed of consumption of resources. (3) To know the life in comparison with the other countries.

Dioxin & POPs Air Pollution Water & Sea Pollution Resource & Energy Consumption Soil & Sediment Pollution Depletion of Ozone Layer Environmental Problems and Time Constants in Japan Global Warming EDC Problem

concentration Air Pollution NOx

28 % of Points for Measurement where concentration exceeded the environmental standard limits Pb CN Cd As PCB Cr

29 Years of Life Lost by Daily Risks by WHO

30 Infant Mortality Rates and Foetal Death Rates in Japan/Tokyo from 1899 to /1000 3/1000

31 Risk Ranking for Chemicals in Loss of Life (days) 単位：日 Smoking all =2700 days Smoking Lung Cancer Passive Smoking Diesel SPM Passive Smoking LC Radon Formaldehyde Dioxin Cadmium Arsenic Toluene

32 Increase in Life Expectancy Women Men

33 Peak OUT ? : Oil Production

34 Oil Production and Findings

35 Long Term Trend of Oil Consumption Era with Fossil Fuel Oil, Coal, Gas Stone Age Bronze Age Iron Age Hellenism

36 Costa Rica

37 Life in Japan, Life in World

38 Kuwait 8 Family Members House 437 ㎡ Radio ４ TV ２ Telephone ５ Automobile ４ ＰＣ １ Video ２ Annual Income per Capita US$ （ C ） Material World / ユニフォトプレス

39 Bhutan １３ Family Members 65 ㎡ Radio １ 186 US$ （ C ） Material World / ユニフォトプレス

40 Thai ５ Family Members 65 ㎡ Radio(1) TV(1) Scooter(1) Game(1) Sewing(1) Frig(1) Bicycle(1) Fan(2) Gas Stove Hair Dryer Hot Plate Cassette Banana Trees(2) Paddy Field Cow(2) Dog Hen 380 US$ （ C ） Material World / ユニフォトプレス

41 Iceland ６ Family Members 180 ㎡ Radio(2) TV(3) Telephone(2) Bicycle(4) Car(2) ＰＣ (1) VCR(1) Stereo(1) Cassette(1) Washer(1) Dryer(1) Frig(1) Mixer(1) Heater(1) Toaster(1) Food rocessor(1) Dish Washer(1) US$ （ C ） Material World / ユニフォトプレス

42 USA ４ Family Member 144 ㎡ Radio （３） TV （２） Telephone （５） Bicycle(1) Bike （３） Car( ３ ) PC(1) Stereo （３） Frig(1) Sawing(1) Washer(1) Oven(1) Dryer(1) Food- Processor(1) Coffee Maker(1) Elec.Pot(1) Iron(1) MWOven(1) US$ （ C ） Material World / ユニフォトプレス

43 Japan ４ Family Members 128 ㎡ Radio （３） TV(1) Telephone(1) Car(1) Bicycle(1) PC(1) Game Machine(1) Electric Piano(1) Frig(1) MW Oven(1) Toaster(1) Washer Dryer(1) Rice Cooker(1) Kotatsu(1) US$ （ C ） Material World / ユニフォトプレス

44 Conclusions UN DESD : Challenge to Change Society to Sustainable Way of Living Globally UNU will take Initiatives in Two Areas. Regional Center for Expertise Prepare Toolkit for EfSD Contents for Education are Important Need to have Internal Collaboration to Exchange Information.

45 Thank you ! ありがとうございました