Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Australian Oilseed Quality Overview Grain Quality Forums – March/April 2014

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Oilseed Quality – what the market wants

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive What is important to a oilseed processor?  Oil Content (High)  Protein Content (High)  Moisture (Low)  Admixture/ foreign material (Low)  Weight (kg/Hl) (High)  Chlorophyll (Green Seeds) (Low)  Heat Damaged Seeds (Nil)  Contaminants (Nil)  Food safety issues (eg chemical MRL’s) (Nil)  Fatty Acid Profile (Consistent)

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Oil content:  Generally the higher the oil content the better –however some years when the protein market is high and the oil market is low and the additional revenue from the higher oil does not cover the oil bonification payments. –Current example on Canola: Oil Bonus of around $8.50 per 1% increase in oil however the processor is only receiving about a $6.00 benefit per the extra 1% oil, hence is out of pocket $2.50.  Often low oil content seed will also have other quality problems (eg high chlorophyll caused from early swathing or with frosted seed),

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Moisture content:  Paying oilseed price for water isn’t desirable  Oilseed processor needs to take seed moisture down to 2-4% (depending on type of seed and processing equipment being used).  Not only is there an extra cost in the removal of the moisture but the daily plant throughput is reduced with high moisture seed (this increases the crush cost per tonne).  The higher the seed moisture the higher the risk of spoilage in storage

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Moisture & Oil content for safe storage:

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Heated seed Heated seed produces dark oil with high ffa and is like a bottle of wine that has gone off. Heated seed is generally a result of high moisture seed being put into storage. When the oil is dark (as seen in the bottle on the left) it is generally an indication of high oxidation and severe degradation of the oil quality. Heated Oil Vs Normal Oil (Both samples are crude canola)

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Weight  Low hectolitre weight is often a good indicator of quality problems with the seed that can’t be tested and the point of receival (eg higher “free fatty acid” level which is an indication of increased oxidation which can occur from insect damage and is often identified with low weight seed)  AOF Standards: –Canola Test Weight Min 62 kg/hl –Sunflower Test Wt Min32 kg/hl –Soybean Test Wt Min70 kg/hl

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Chlorophyll (green seed)  Green seed is high in chlorophyll and a problem for oil refiners. The markets for Canola, Sunflower and soybean oil are all after a light slightly golden coloured oil (not green).  To remove the chlorophyll additional or special bleaching clays are required which is an extra cost and the oil losses in the refinery increase greatly with high chlorophyll oil.  The AOF is currently working with NSW DPI to develop a NIR calibration for high chlorophyll canola which will be more accurate and efficient way of identifying problem loads than the old green seed test.  High Chlorophyll content is caused by plant not reaching full maturity prior to harvest or desiccation (frost, early swathing, late season drought can all be potential causes).

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Australian Canola Quality Annual Quality Reporting Independent - Govt Laboratory Transparent List all major quality attributes.

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive 2013/14 Harvest Quality Results Quality Parameter Australian Mean Oil content, % in whole 6 % moisture44.9 Protein content, % in oil-free 10 % moisture38.0 Moisture in seed %5.4 Glucosinolates, µmoles/g in whole 6 % moisture9 Volumetric grain weights, lbs/b52.8 kg/hL66.9 Chlorophyll, mg/kg (only small No of samples tested to date) 4 - 8

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive State by State Performance- 13/14 Oil Levels (% Seed) Protein Levels (% Seed) Glucosinolate Levels (umoles/gm)

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Australian Canola Oil Level Trends

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Australian Canola Protein Level Trends

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Australian Oil + Protein Level Trends

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Australian Quality 20 year trend

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Australian Canola Oil Canola Oil Quality

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Fatty Acid profiles- 2013/14 and Trends C18:1 (% in Oil) C18:2 (% in Oil)

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Fatty Acid profiles- 2013/14 and Trends C18:3 (% in Oil) Total Sats (% in Oil)

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Iodine Values- 2013/14 and Trends Iodine Value (% in Oil)

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive Take home points: Australian Canola has:  Very high oil content  Very good oil + protein (and still improving)  Generally low moisture content (approx. 2% below Nth Hemisphere).  Low Chlorophyll compared to Northern Hemisphere (reduced refining costs)  Possibly a lowering of Iodine value (is this a issue or an opportunity?)

Growing in value, sustainable and internationally competitive