✚ Pathogen: Lyme Disease General Info:: Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. Vector: The black legged deer tick Type of Pathogen: Bacteria Strategy: It lives in the belly of a tick and passes into a human after taking a blood meal Path of Transmission: It is only passed from tick to human. Humans usually get a bulls-eye shaped rash following the transmission. ✚ Pathogen: Lyme Disease General Info:: Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. Vector: The black legged deer tick Type of Pathogen: Bacteria Strategy: It lives in the belly of a tick and passes into a human after taking a blood meal Path of Transmission: It is only passed from tick to human. Humans usually get a bulls-eye shaped rash following the transmission.

Pathogen: Cholera Type of Pathogen: Bacteria General Info: diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms: profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, and leg cramps. In these persons, rapid loss of body fluids leads to dehydration and shock. Without treatment, death can occur within hours. Strategy: travels through and releases toxins in blood Path of Transmission: contaminated water, food ✚ Pathogen: Cholera Type of Pathogen: Bacteria General Info: diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms: profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, and leg cramps. In these persons, rapid loss of body fluids leads to dehydration and shock. Without treatment, death can occur within hours. Strategy: travels through and releases toxins in blood Path of Transmission: contaminated water, food ✚

Pathogen: Typhoid Type of Pathogen: Bacteria (salmonella typhi) General Info: life-threatening, lives only in humans Symptoms: high fever, headache, stomach pains, rash Strategy: multiply and spread in bloodstream/intestinal tract Path of Transmission: food/water contamination, eating/drinking material ✚ Pathogen: Typhoid Type of Pathogen: Bacteria (salmonella typhi) General Info: life-threatening, lives only in humans Symptoms: high fever, headache, stomach pains, rash Strategy: multiply and spread in bloodstream/intestinal tract Path of Transmission: food/water contamination, eating/drinking material handled by infected person. ✚

Pathogen: E. coli Type of Pathogen: Bacteria General Info: E. coli is a large and diverse group of bacteria. Some are harmless, some are very harmful. Symptoms: diarrhea, urinary tract infections, respiratory illness, STEC infections are cause more serious symptoms. Strategy: once it enters your mouth/stomach, it releases a toxin Path of Transmission: ingestion of small amount of animal feces ✚ Pathogen: E. coli Type of Pathogen: Bacteria General Info: E. coli is a large and diverse group of bacteria. Some are harmless, some are very harmful. Symptoms: diarrhea, urinary tract infections, respiratory illness, STEC infections are cause more serious symptoms. Strategy: once it enters your mouth/stomach, it releases a toxin Path of Transmission: ingestion of small amount of animal feces ✚

✚ ✚ Pathogen: Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) Type of Pathogen: Bacteria General Information: three types (skin, lungs, digestive) can form spores Symptoms: blisters and skin ulcers (skin), nausea, bloody diarrhea, fever, severe stomach pain (digestive), flu-like symptoms, shortness of breath, chest pain (lungs) Strategy: Respiratory infections are most common when the spores are inhaled. This usually happens when the spore is inhaled upon tilling earth. Path of Transmission: forms spores Pathogen: Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) Type of Pathogen: Bacteria General Information: three types (skin, lungs, digestive) can form spores Symptoms: blisters and skin ulcers (skin), nausea, bloody diarrhea, fever, severe stomach pain (digestive), flu-like symptoms, shortness of breath, chest pain (lungs) Strategy: Respiratory infections are most common when the spores are inhaled. This usually happens when the spore is inhaled upon tilling earth. Path of Transmission: forms spores

✚ ✚ Pathogen: Pneumoccocus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) Type of Pathogen: Bacteria General Information: gram positive, causes pneumonia and meningitis Symptoms: depends on disease, high fever, headache, stiff neck vomiting, light-sensitivity, sleepiness (meningitis) (pneumonia) Strategy: This bacteria is normally commensal, living in human noses. When it migrates (changes locations) it causes disease. Path of Transmission: person to person Pathogen: Pneumoccocus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) Type of Pathogen: Bacteria General Information: gram positive, causes pneumonia and meningitis Symptoms: depends on disease, high fever, headache, stiff neck vomiting, light-sensitivity, sleepiness (meningitis) (pneumonia) Strategy: This bacteria is normally commensal, living in human noses. When it migrates (changes locations) it causes disease. Path of Transmission: person to person

✚ ✚ Pathogen: Adenovirus Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: Symptoms: colds, sore throat, bronchitis diarrhea, conjunctivitsis (eye infection) Strategy: Naked DNA, has to kill the cell to leave, but travels easily Path of Transmission: person to person trough coughing, sneezing or touching surfaces contaminated with adenovirus Pathogen: Adenovirus Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: Symptoms: colds, sore throat, bronchitis diarrhea, conjunctivitsis (eye infection) Strategy: Naked DNA, has to kill the cell to leave, but travels easily Path of Transmission: person to person trough coughing, sneezing or touching surfaces contaminated with adenovirus

✚ ✚ Pathogen: Papillomavirus Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease Symptoms: genital warts, warts in throat Strategy: naked with skin Path of Transmission: genital contact, skin to skin contact Pathogen: Papillomavirus Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease Symptoms: genital warts, warts in throat Strategy: naked with skin Path of Transmission: genital contact, skin to skin contact

✚ ✚ Pathogen: Herpes Type of Pathogen:Virus General Information: Viral disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) Oral herpes Symptoms: cold sores/ fever blisters on mouth or genitals Strategy: enveloped virus, fuses with cell membrane Path of Transmission: skin to skin contact Pathogen: Herpes Type of Pathogen:Virus General Information: Viral disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) Oral herpes Symptoms: cold sores/ fever blisters on mouth or genitals Strategy: enveloped virus, fuses with cell membrane Path of Transmission: skin to skin contact

✚ ✚ Pathogen: poxvirus (smallpox) Type of Pathogen: virus General Information: affects vertebrates and invertebrates, causes smallpox and chicken pox Symptoms: red spotted rash, pustular rash and scabbing Strategy: endocytosis by host cells in the air way Path of Transmission: face-to-face contact Pathogen: poxvirus (smallpox) Type of Pathogen: virus General Information: affects vertebrates and invertebrates, causes smallpox and chicken pox Symptoms: red spotted rash, pustular rash and scabbing Strategy: endocytosis by host cells in the air way Path of Transmission: face-to-face contact

Pathogen: Rhinovirus Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: most common viral agent, cause of common cold Symptoms: runny nose, congestion, sneezing, coughing Strategy: unsegmented, makes polymerase Path of Transmission: face-to-face contact, touching contaminated surfaces ✚ Pathogen: Rhinovirus Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: most common viral agent, cause of common cold Symptoms: runny nose, congestion, sneezing, coughing Strategy: unsegmented, makes polymerase Path of Transmission: face-to-face contact, touching contaminated surfaces ✚

✚ ✚ Pathogen: Rabies Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: acute viral infection carried by certain mammals, there are less than 10 documented cases of survival of clinical rabies Symptoms: flu-like symptoms (early), cerebral dysfunction, confusion, hallucination (late) Strategy: unsegmented (brings polymerase) Path of Transmission: It it passed though saliva to blood contact. Usually this is an animal bite. Pathogen: Rabies Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: acute viral infection carried by certain mammals, there are less than 10 documented cases of survival of clinical rabies Symptoms: flu-like symptoms (early), cerebral dysfunction, confusion, hallucination (late) Strategy: unsegmented (brings polymerase) Path of Transmission: It it passed though saliva to blood contact. Usually this is an animal bite.

✚ ✚ Pathogen: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus. It is the virus that can lead to acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or AIDS.HIV damages a person’s body by destroying specific blood cells, called CD4+ T cells, which are crucial to helping the body fight diseases. Symptoms: no obvious symptoms Strategy: unsegmented RNA retrovirus Path of Transmission: exchange of body fluids especially sexual contact and sharing syringes Pathogen: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus. It is the virus that can lead to acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or AIDS.HIV damages a person’s body by destroying specific blood cells, called CD4+ T cells, which are crucial to helping the body fight diseases. Symptoms: no obvious symptoms Strategy: unsegmented RNA retrovirus Path of Transmission: exchange of body fluids especially sexual contact and sharing syringes

Pathogen: H1N1 Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: H1N1 (swine-flu) is a flu-virus that affects humans and is two of the same genes as a a virus that affects pigs. Symptoms: same as seasonal flu Strategy: RNA segmented (shift-possible) and has animal vector Path of Transmission: person-to-person ✚ Pathogen: H1N1 Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: H1N1 (swine-flu) is a flu-virus that affects humans and is two of the same genes as a a virus that affects pigs. Symptoms: same as seasonal flu Strategy: RNA segmented (shift-possible) and has animal vector Path of Transmission: person-to-person ✚

✚ ✚ Pathogen: Measles Type of Pathogen: virus General Information: Highly contagious. The disease is also called rubeola. Symptoms: Measles causes fever, runny nose, cough and a rash all over the body. About one out of 10 children with measles also gets an ear infection, and up to one out of 20 gets pneumonia. For every 1,000 children who get measles, one or two will die, and many are disfigured. Strategy: RNA segmented (shift possible) only affects humans Path of Transmission: person-to-person Pathogen: Measles Type of Pathogen: virus General Information: Highly contagious. The disease is also called rubeola. Symptoms: Measles causes fever, runny nose, cough and a rash all over the body. About one out of 10 children with measles also gets an ear infection, and up to one out of 20 gets pneumonia. For every 1,000 children who get measles, one or two will die, and many are disfigured. Strategy: RNA segmented (shift possible) only affects humans Path of Transmission: person-to-person

✚ ✚ Pathogen: Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: severe, often fatal disease that affects humans and non-human primates like monkeys, chimps and gorillas Symptoms: The onset of illness is abrupt and is characterized by fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, and weakness, followed by diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain. A rash, red eyes, hiccups and internal and external bleeding may be seen in some patients. Strategy: It strategy is not known Path of Transmission: body fluids, contact with body fluids Pathogen: Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Type of Pathogen: Virus General Information: severe, often fatal disease that affects humans and non-human primates like monkeys, chimps and gorillas Symptoms: The onset of illness is abrupt and is characterized by fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, and weakness, followed by diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain. A rash, red eyes, hiccups and internal and external bleeding may be seen in some patients. Strategy: It strategy is not known Path of Transmission: body fluids, contact with body fluids