What is a Program? An intentional effort to fulfill predetermined and important needs of people Single events or activities do not result in the types of behavior change necessary to accomplish this mission

Programs Must: Provide Multiple Contacts With the Same Audience Include a minimum 6 hours of Educational Instruction (GPRA) Preferably use a Variety of Instructional Techniques Strive for Behavior Change

Needs-Based Programming Problem-Based Programming Issues-Based Programming Three Kinds of Programs

Needs-Based Programs often subject matter based identified by clientele as a “felt need” often motivated learners goal of enhancing knowledge or skills

Problem-Based Programs often focused on a specific audience often subject-matter based not necessarily identified by clientele as a “felt need” but rather an “ascribed need” not necessarily motivated goal of changing practices or behaviors

Issues-Based Programs often focused on widespread issue of public concern complex, multi-disciplinary not necessarily identified by clientele as a “felt need” but rather an “ascribed need” not necessarily motivated information must be tailored for the audience goal of changing practices or behaviors

Program Logic in Program Development Bennett’s Hierarchy Program Logic Model Social,Economic, Environmental Conditions Practices Knowledge, Opinions, Skills, Aspirations Activities Resources PlanningPerformance

FROM:JACOBS’ 1998 Five Tier Model for Evaluation BUREAUCRATIC PARADIGM SERVICE-ORIENTED RULES DRIVE ACTIONS TOP DOWN RIGIDITY / STANDARDIZED PUNISHES RISK TAKING REPORTS INPUTS ACTIVITIES OBJECTIVES-BASED PARADIGM OUTCOMES- ORIENTED NEEDS DRIVEN COLLABORATIVE FLEXIBILITY MONITOR OUTCOMES RISK TAKING DIVERSE MODELS

FROM: JACOBS 1998 EXEMPLIFY A COMMUNITY-BASED APPROACH PROMOTE PARTNERSHIP WITH ALL STAKEHOLDERS IN EVALUAITON SOLICIT AND VALUE DIVERSITY INSTILL COLLABORATION AND COMMUNICATION BE ACCESIBLE AND RESPECTFUL FOSTER SUSTAINABILITY

Tier One : PROGRAM DEFINITION PURPOSE: DOCUMENT NEED FOR A PARTICULAR PROGRAM USE LITERATURE TO JUSTIFY PLANNED PROGRAM RELATIVE TO NEEDS AND ASSETS DEFINE PLANNED PROGRAM

Tier One : PROGRAM DEFINITION TASKS: WORK WITH STAKEHOLDERS TO ASSESS COMMUNITY NEEDS AND ASSETS REVIEW PERTINENT LITERATURE BASE DESCRIBE PROGRAM VISION, MISSION, GOALS, OBJECTIVES, CHARACTERISTICS

Tier Two: ACCOUNTABILITY PURPOSE: EXAMINE IF PROGRAM SERVES THOSE IT WAS INTENDED TO IN THE MANNER PROPOSED

Tier Two: ACCOUNTABILITY TASKS: IDENTIFY STAKEHOLDERS DOCUMENT PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS, ACTIVITIES, AND HOW SERVICES ARE DELIVERED (BUREACRATIC PARADIGM STOPS HERE!)

Tier Three:UNDERSTANDING AND REFINING PURPOSE: IMPROVE PROGRAM BY PROVIDING INFORMATION TO VOLUNTEERS, PARTICIPANTS, AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS

Tier Three: UNDERSTANDING & REFINING TASKS: GATHER PROGRAM SATISFACTION DATA EXAMINE THE FIT BETWEEN TIER 1 AND TIER 2 DATA EXAMINE PROCESS DATA AND IDENTIFY LESSONS LEARNED IDENTIFY PROGRAM STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES REVISIT LITERATURE

Tier Four: PROGRESS TOWARDS OBJECTIVES ObjectivesOutcomesMeasures Collect Measures Report Findings PURPOSE: DOCUMENT PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS AND OUTCOMES

Tier Four: PROGRESS TOWARDS OBJECTIVES ObjectivesOutcomesMeasures TASKS: WRITE OUTCOMES FOR OBJECTIVES CREATE MEASURES FOR OUTCOMES DECIDE ON DESIGN ISSUES AND DATA ANALYSIS REPORT FINDING TO ALL STAKEHOLDERS

Tier Five: Program Impact Purpose: DEMONSTRATE LONG TERM IMPROVEMENTS IN QUALITY OF LIFE DEMONSTRATE PROGRAM SUSTAINABILITY SUGGEST MODELS WORTHY OF DUPLICATION CONTRIBUTE TO THE LITERATURE

Tier Five: Program Impact TASKS: PLAN TO DOCUMENT LONG-TERM IMPACT PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF SUSTAINABILITY IDENTIFY COMPONENTS THAT SHOULD BE REPLICATED DISTRIBUTE FINDINGS OF IMPACT