REVIEW Digestion

oral cavity/mouth gall bladder stomach pancreas large intestine rectum 11. Identify each structure labeled in the diagram. oral cavity/mouth gall bladder stomach pancreas large intestine small intestine rectum

In the small intestine/villi 12. Where does protein digestion begin? 13. What is the function of F? 14. Where are nutrients absorbed into the blood? In the stomach Absorb water In the small intestine/villi

Small intestine/duodenum 15. What does C produce? Where does it go? 16. What is the function of G? 17 Chemical digestion is completed in this structure. 18. What type of digestion occurs in A? Pancreatic juice Small intestine/duodenum store bile small intestine/duodenum mechanical and chemical

peristalsis To push food through the digestive tract 19. What is the name of this process? What is its function? 20. Where in the digestive tract does this process occur? peristalsis To push food through the digestive tract esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

21. What is structure F? What is the function of this substance? 22. Identify structure B. What kind of digestion occurs here? 23. What is the function of structure A? liver to produce bile stomach Chemical digestion of proteins by pepsin Mechanical digestion (wall of stomach churns food) Pushes food down into the stomach using peristalsis

Liver (F) – produces bile that goes to the SI 24. Through which of these structures does food pass? 25. Which organs are not part of the digestive tract? How do they aid in digestion? Esophagus (A) Small intestine (D) Stomach (B) Liver (F) – produces bile that goes to the SI Gall bladder (E) – stores bile Pancreas (C) – releases pancreatic juice into SI

26. Describe the role of the small intestine in digestion. Where most chemical digestion occurs Where chemical digestion is completed Lined with VILLI which absorb nutrients into the blood

27. Identify the labeled organs. A - mouth B - Esophagus C – Stomach D – Pancreas E - Large intestine F - Appendix G - Small intestine H – Gall bladder I - Liver

28. Through what organs does food pass? (in order) mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Anus

Bile – into small intestine 29. Where excess water reabsorbed? 30. What occurs in structure G? 31. What does I produce? Where does it go? 32. This is where chemical digestion begins. 33. This is where chemical digestion ends. Large intestine Villi absorb nutrients into blood Bile – into small intestine mouth Small intestine/duodenum

34. Identify organs where there is no digestion occurring. Esophagus Liver Salivary glands Pancreas Gall bladder

35. Explain the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion. Mechanical is a physical breakdown, while chemical digestion breaks down complex molecules into more simple molecules using enzymes.

36. Where does mechanical digestion begin? How? Mouth – teeth grind up food 37. Where does chemical digestion begin? How? Mouth – ptyalin/salivary amylase in saliva starts to chemically break down starches into sugar 38. Where does chemical digestion end? Duodenum (small intestine)

39. Where does most chemical digestion occur? Duodenum (small intestine) 40. Where and how are nutrients absorbed once food has been completely broken down. They are absorbed in the villi of the small intestine by diffusion.

41. Identify the digestive organ described. a. Where the digestion of protein begins. stomach b. Where mechanical digestion begins. mouth c. Site of water absorption. Large intestine d. All chemical digestion is completed here. Duodenum (SI)

41. Identify the digestive organ described. e. Where the breakdown of starch begins. mouth f. Where bile is stored. Gall bladder g. Releases many enzymes into the SI. pancreas

41. Identify the digestive organ described. h. Pushes food into the stomach. esophagus i. Where the absorption of nutrients occurs. Small intestine/villi j. Lining is protected by a mucus layer. stomach

42. What enzyme is found in saliva? What does it break down? Salivary amylase/ptylin Carbohydrates (starches sugar) 43. What enzyme is produced in the stomach? What does it break down? Pepsin protein

44. There are many enzymes found in intestinal juice made in the small intestine. What do they break down? Carbohydrates and proteins 45. There are many enzymes found in pancreatic juice. What do they break down? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins 46. Is bile an enzyme? Why or why not? Bile is not an enzyme because it emulsifies fat. IT breaks down large droplets of fat into smaller droplets which is mechanical digestion, not chemical digestion.

47 Salivary gland mouth epiglottis esophagus liver Gall bladder stomach duodenum pancreas Large intestine Small intestine appendix anus