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Published byIlene Moore Modified over 9 years ago
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The Digestive System Oral cavity Pharynx Esophagus Liver Stomach
Gall Bladder Pancreas Large Intestine Small Intestine
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Digestive System Function: Break down food into molecules that can used by cells Enzymes, acids, hormones, bile aid in breakdown Sphincters (ring of muscle) separate sections Nutrients passed into the circulatory system to be distributed in the blood Click pic to play
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Click pic to play
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Oral cavity
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Oral Cavity Mechanical digestion: Teeth grind food
Chemical digestions: Saliva (amylase) begins to breakdown starches Bolus is created (ball of chewed & moistened food)
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Click pic to play
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Pharynx
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Pharynx Epiglottis seals off the trachea
Bolus pushed down the esophagus by the tongue
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Esophagus
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Esophagus Connects mouth with stomach
Peristalsis: Muscular movement pushes food along Bolus pushed down the esophagus by muscles Click pic to play
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Stomach
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Stomach Function: Prepares food for absorption Chemical digestion
Pepsin (enzyme) digests proteins Stomach acids mix Mechanical digestion Muscles contract to churn the bolus (~4 hours) Chyme created: paste-like mixture of food, enzymes, acids Peristalsis pushes chyme through sphincter Stomach Click pic to play
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Small Intestine
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Small Intestine Function: Absorption of nutrients Duodenum
Chemical digestion: Enzymes from the liver, gallbladder, pancreas released to aid digestion Mechanical digestion: Muscular contractions mix & churn the chyme Peristalsis pushes the chyme along Nutrients absorbed into the capillaries of the s. intestine
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Click pic to play
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Liver Gall Bladder
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Liver Functions: 1) Break down toxic chemicals (alcohol)
2) Produces bile to break down fats Gall Bladder: Stores bile until chyme moves into duodenum
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Click pic to play
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Pancreas
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Pancreas Click pic to play Functions: 1) Release enzyme into duodenum to break down starches & lipids 2) Releases insulin into the blood (diabetes)
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Large Intestine
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Large Intestine AKA: Colon Peristalsis continues to push the chyme
Remaining water is absorbed from the chyme Undigested material solidifies (feces) Nutrients from bacteria absorbed Feces exits the body through the rectum & anus
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The liver is labeled which letter?
K L
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The pancreas is labeled which letter?
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Which letter begins the process of chemical digestion?
L (salivary glands) L
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Most nutrients are absorbed at which organ?
E (small intestine) L
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Which organ produces bile to help digest fats?
K (liver) L
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Which organ absorbs water from chyme to solidify waste?
F (large intestine) L
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Which organ is the location where the gall bladder and pancreas release fluids to mix with the chyme? I (Duodenum) L
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Label the letters of the diagram
A = esophagus B = I don’t care C = stomach D = pancreas E = Small intestine F = Large intestine G = Rectum H = appendix I = duodenum J = gall bladder K = liver L = salivary glands L
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