Nationalism Triumphs in Europe Germany Strengthens

Warm Up How did Germany become a strong nation? Give me 1 reason.

Warm Up 12/3 Who was William I? What did he do?

Objectives After the lesson, students will be able to Describe how Germany became an industrial giant. Explain why Bismarck was called the Iron Chancellor List the Policies of Kaiser William II.

Today’s Goals Go over TAG Complete Cause and Effect Worksheet Notes on Germany Strengthening

Mini-Quiz Chapter 10 Section 1 & 2 Who is Otto von Bismarck? What does Chancellor mean and who became Chancellor to the King of Prussia? Kaiser means __________? Reich is the German word for____________? Annex means ___________? Bismarck’s main purpose by unifying the German states was to support nationalism. T or F Realpolitiks is practical policies based on the needs of the state. T or F The new German government was structured as a 2 house legislation T or F EXTRA CREDIT: How did the empreror and his chancellor retain power in German Government?

Birth of the German Empire William I of Prussia took the title kaiser. January 1871: Birth of the second Reich. Constitution was drafted: 2 house legislature Upper house appointed by the rulers of the German states: Bundesrat. Lower house: elected by universal male suffrage: Reichstag Bundesrat could veto any decisions of the Reichstag. Where did the power stay?

Germany Becomes an Industrial Giant German empire emerged as the industrial giant of the European continent. Chemical and electrical industries were setting standards. German shipping only second to Britain’s.

Making Economic Progress What made industrialization possible? Ample iron and coal resources Disciplined and educated workforce Rapidly growing population 41 million in 1871 to 67 Million in1914 Early progress 1850s & 60s Founded large companies and built many RR. Krupp boomed after 1871: an enormous industrial complex that produced steel and weapons for a world market. August Thyssen built a small steel factory of 70 workers into a giant empire with 50,000 employees.

Promoting Scientific and Economic Development Valued applied science in developing new products such as synthetic chemicals and dyes. Industrialists and Government supported research and development. Economic development: 1 single currency for Germany Reorganized the banking system Coordinated railroads built by the various states Depression in the late 1800s: Germany rose tariffs to protect home industries.

The Iron Chancellor Foreign Policy Goals: Domestic Policy: Wanted to keep France weak and isolated Build strong links with Austria and Russia. Didn’t compete with Britain with naval power but competed for overseas colonies. Domestic Policy: Erase local loyalties and crush all opposition to the imperial state Targeted 2 groups Catholic Church Socialists

Campaign Against the Church Catholics made up about 1/3 of the German population. Bismarck was Lutheran and distrusted Catholics. Why? Loyalty lies with the pope instead of to Germany. Launched the Kultukampf (battle for civilization) 1871-78 Goal: Make Catholics put loyalty to the state above allegiance to the Church Passed laws that gave the state the rights to supervise Catholic education Approve priests appointments. Closed some religious orders Expelled the Jesuits from Prussia Made it compulsory for couples to be married by civil authority Made a mistake: Catholics rallied behind the Church Worked to make peace with the Church.

Analyzing Political Cartoons

Campaign Against the Socialists German Marxists organized the Social Democratic party. Called for parliamentary democracy and laws to improve conditions for the working class. Bismarck feared socialist would undermine loyalty of German Workers and turn them towards revolution. Dissolved socialist groups, shutdown newspapers, banned meetings . Backfired again. Workers unified in support of the socialist cause. Bismarck changed course: Sponsored laws to protect workers 1890s health and accident insurance and old-age insurance Socialism still grew. By 1912—held more seats in the Reichstage than any other party. Other Europeans would build on Bismarck’s social policies.

Kaiser William II William II succeeded his grandfather as kaiser. Supremely confident in his abilities and wished to put his own stamp on Germany. Asked Bismarck to resign in 1890 “There is only one master in the Reich, and that is I” He was an Absolute Monarch Resisted efforts to introduce democratic reforms.

Kaiser William II Government provided programs for social welfare. Cheap transportation and electricity. Public Schools taught students obedience to the emperor along with reading, writing, and mathematics. Funded German military, most powerful in Europe. Expand navy and expand overseas empire to rival those of Britain and France. Increased tensions on the eve of WWI.

How did German increase its power after unifying in 1871? Complete your Causes and Effects worksheet. Use your notes and book. Work with the partner next to you.

Cool Down 12/3 Who was William II? What did he do?

Cool Down Do you think Bismarck’s methods were justified by his social reforms? Explain.