Giving the Users What They Want: Is Patron-Driven Acquisitions The Answer? Buddy Pennington, Director of Collections and Access Management Steve Alleman, Head of Collections University of Missouri - Kansas City Brick & Click Libraries Symposium, October 26, 2012

 Huge increase in monograph publishing in recent decades  Librarians lack time to invest in book selection  Approval plans no better than firm orders at predicting use  30% of books purchased never get used  Speculative buying – ‘just in case’ – has failed  Declining circulation rates  Declining budgets  Increased demand for electronic resources  Seamless delivery of content as a goal Background

 Giving patrons what they want when they want it is more important than building collections for the future  No funds are spent until demand is demonstrated  Widest possible range of books to choose from  Short-term loans satisfy patron needs cheaply  ‘Retain selectively; distribute promiscuously’  Focus on e-books for seamless delivery of content  Therefore no print-on-demand The Patron-Driven Approach

ebrary vs. EBL

 Use YBP as our vendor  EBL chosen as platform  Profile wide-open, not based on approval plan  No juvenile, cookbooks, or high school textbooks  Price cap set at $500  Short term loan set at 24 hours  Seven STLs before purchase is triggered  Second copy must be bought after 325 loan instances  Dedupe against ebrary Academic Complete but not against the print collection Local Decisions

 Discovery records  Usage (short-term loans and purchases)  Expenditures  Impact  Conclusions Implementation and Assessment

 Provided by YBP on a weekly basis  Not OCLC records (customized 001 field)  Include 590 note indicating PDA record  If MARC record has LC call number (050) that gets added to item record to facilitate virtual shelf browsing in library catalog (3% lack call numbers) Discovery Records

Discovery Record Loads MonthRecords Loaded May54,627 June2,087 July5,981 August2,882 September3,971 October (1-15)1,531

Subject Coverage Top Subjects by LC ClassLC Classes with 1% coverage or less H – Social Sciences (21%)E (History of U.S.), N (Fine Arts) Q – Science (14%)S (Agriculture), M (Music) P – Language and Literature (11%)F (History of U.S.), Z (Library Science) R – Medicine (10%)U (Military Science) T – Technology (9%)C (Auxiliary Sciences of History) B – Philosophy, Psychology, Religion (8%)V (Naval Science), A (General Works) Above = 73%Above = 7%

 Only 831 of over 70,000 titles show any usage:  19 have 5 or more uses  151 have 2-5 uses  661 have 1 use Usage

Short-Term Loan Usage  1,155 STLs (May – October 15)  Spent $14, total  $12.37 average price for STL  In fiscal year 2012, we averaged $15, spent per month on our approval plans MonthSTLsSpent May37$ June151$2, July163$1, August186$2, September387$4, October $2,828.15

STLs by LC Class ClassCoverageSTLs H – Social Science 21%25% Q – Science 14%10% P – Language and Literature 11%8% R – Medicine 10%18% T – Technology 9%5% B – Philosophy, etc. 8%10% Total 73%76%  1% or less LC classes = 7% coverage and 8% of STLs  Education = 4% coverage but 6% STLs  Average of 1 STL for every 62 titles. Music = 1 STL for every 22 titles. Agriculture = 1 STL for every 282 titles

 12 purchases since May (6 in September, 3 in October 1-15)  $1, spent  $99.24 average per purchase Purchases

TitlePublisherLC Class Paradise FoundUniversity of Chicago Press QH Official Guide for GMAT Review* John Wiley & SonsLB Introduction to LTEJohn Wiley & SonsTK Antigone; Oedipus the King; Electra Oxford University PressPA Motorcycle DiariesOcean PressF First Five Purchases *Karen S Fischer, Michael Wright, Kathleen Clatanoff, Hope Barton, & Edward Shreeves. (2012). Give 'em what they want: A one-year study of unmediated patron-driven acquisition of e-books. College & Research Libraries, 73(5), 469.

 COUNTER usage:  3,958 sessions YTD (BR6)  2,589 searches YTD (BR6)  2,941 title downloads YTD (BR1)  Other:  38 minutes average time for online reading  Reports on # of days for download  Pages accessed for individual titles Other Usage

 Discovery records loaded in by MOBIUS Consortium Office (we do not clean these up)  Monthly reports of titles removed from EBL  For purchases, receive OCLC record through WCP service. Requires MarcEdit intervention.  Issues with not overlaying discovery record  Issues with 856 fields  Issues with crappy records  Fewer print books results in changing workloads Impact on Cataloging

Impact on Book Selection  Less speculative buying?  Cancelling ALA print standing order  Planning changes to YBP print approval plan PeriodOrdersEstimated Price May – October 15, $31, May – October 15, $19, % decrease 40% decrease ($12, in savings)

 $150,000 end-of-year deposit with YBP  $14, spent on short-term loans (May-October 15)  $1, spent on purchases (May-October 15)  Expect both to increase over time as more titles are added  Savings with fewer firm orders  Next step: reduce print approval plan Impact on Collections Budget

Conclusions  Pretty happy with the results: good coverage, increasing access and usage, comfortable with spending money on the titles that are getting used  Too early to budget for! (University of Newcastle spent $70,000 in five weeks)  We don’t know who is using these materials  “PDA…is establishing its place as a logical and responsive approach to developing library collections in the twenty-first century.”* *Candice Dahl (2012): Primed for Patron-Driven Acquisition: A Look at the Big Picture, Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship, 24:2,

Questions? Buddy Pennington Steve Alleman