PEST OF BEVERAGE CROPS

COCOA

Conopomorpha cramerella cocoa pod borer cocoa pod borer Moth: Gracillariidae Moth: Gracillariidae small small lay eggs on pods surface lay eggs on pods surface larvae bore into pods larvae bore into pods

biji melekat assl. ( by the tunnelling) biji melekat assl. ( by the tunnelling) feed on tissue surrounding beans (biji) feed on tissue surrounding beans (biji) control: bungkus buah, regula and early harvesting, guna perangkap feromon, synthetic pyrethroid/ control: bungkus buah, regula and early harvesting, guna perangkap feromon, synthetic pyrethroid/

Helopeltis spp. Hemiptera: Miridae Hemiptera: Miridae damage: nymph & adult damage: nymph & adult suck sap from pods and shoots (pucuk) suck sap from pods and shoots (pucuk) Circular spot, gradually change from pale to dark brown Circular spot, gradually change from pale to dark brown Daun kecut/keronyok(shrivel) Daun kecut/keronyok(shrivel)

COFFEE

Hypothenemus hampei Coleoptera:Scolytidae Coleoptera:Scolytidae Pengorek buah kopi Pengorek buah kopi Betina korek lubang dalam kopi dan bertelur Betina korek lubang dalam kopi dan bertelur Larva makan biji kopi Larva makan biji kopi

Simptom: biji tukar jadi hitam, biji muda akan dijangkit fungus dan jatuh Simptom: biji tukar jadi hitam, biji muda akan dijangkit fungus dan jatuh Control: the best way is prevention Control: the best way is prevention careful inspection of the coffee beans before leaving the coffee faros to avoid spreading of the insects careful inspection of the coffee beans before leaving the coffee faros to avoid spreading of the insects Endosulfan, dieldrin 0.1% Endosulfan, dieldrin 0.1% Biocontrol: semut, braconids (wasp) Biocontrol: semut, braconids (wasp)

Cephonodes hylas Moth: Shpingidae Moth: Shpingidae Sayap transparent Sayap transparent Larvae makan daun Larvae makan daun Control: hand collecting if infestation low Control: hand collecting if infestation low Use dieldrin 0.1 % Use dieldrin 0.1 %

TEA

Zeuzera coffeae Moth: Cossidae Moth: Cossidae Eggs laid on stem (batang) Eggs laid on stem (batang) Damage; larvae Damage; larvae Simptoms: alam batang berlubang Simptoms: alam batang berlubang Pada bukaan lubang, cecair melekit Pada bukaan lubang, cecair melekit Control: cantas&bakar Control: cantas&bakar paradichlorobenzene paradichlorobenzene

PEST OF VEGETABLES

Plutella xylostella Moth:Yponomeutidae Moth:Yponomeutidae Diomond backmoth Diomond backmoth Kobis (Crucifer) Kobis (Crucifer) Larvae cause serious damage Larvae cause serious damage Simptom: lace-like pattern Simptom: lace-like pattern Control: use Bacillus thuringiensis, Control: use Bacillus thuringiensis, Parasitoid: Diadegma insularae (Ichneumonidae), metamidophos Parasitoid: Diadegma insularae (Ichneumonidae), metamidophos

Phylotretta spp Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Kumbang lenting/ flea beetle Kumbang lenting/ flea beetle Crucifer (cauliflower, cabbage, Crucifer (cauliflower, cabbage, bok choy, broccoli) bok choy, broccoli) First pest to appear coz attack seedlings First pest to appear coz attack seedlings Eggs hatch, larvae move to soil, feed roots and seedling Eggs hatch, larvae move to soil, feed roots and seedling Adult feed on leaf Adult feed on leaf Many tiny holes on the leaf Many tiny holes on the leaf Control: crop rotation Control: crop rotation trichlorphon trichlorphon

Phylotreta cruciferae Phylotreta cruciferae

Aulacophora spp. Coleoptera: chrysomelidae Coleoptera: chrysomelidae Cucurbits (cucumber, melon, w.melon, pumpkin etc) Cucurbits (cucumber, melon, w.melon, pumpkin etc) Larva feeds on roots, adult feed on green material (chlorophyll) of the leaves, leaving white or yellow patches on the leaves. Larva feeds on roots, adult feed on green material (chlorophyll) of the leaves, leaving white or yellow patches on the leaves. If the attack is serious the pests will completely destroy the leaves. If the attack is serious the pests will completely destroy the leaves.

Control: Fenitrothion, Dimethoate Control: Fenitrothion, Dimethoate

Epilachna indica Coleoptera: Coccinelidae (ladybird) Coleoptera: Coccinelidae (ladybird) cucurbit cucurbit Larva dan adult eat makan daun Larva dan adult eat makan daun Feed on upper epidermis, resulting in transparent marking Feed on upper epidermis, resulting in transparent marking Control: Rotenone, Dimethoate Control: Rotenone, Dimethoate

Maruca testulalis Moth: Pyralidae Moth: Pyralidae Pengorek kacang panjang Pengorek kacang panjang Egg laid on the flower Egg laid on the flower Larvae feeds of flower and later bore the bean pod Larvae feeds of flower and later bore the bean pod Flowers discolor/damage Flowers discolor/damage Pods have small darkened entry holes on the surface and borers inside. Pods have small darkened entry holes on the surface and borers inside. Leaves and pods are stuck together by webbing and show signs of surface feeding. Leaves and pods are stuck together by webbing and show signs of surface feeding.

Control: endosulfan, carbaryl Control: endosulfan, carbaryl

Leucinodes orbonalis Moth: Pyralidae Moth: Pyralidae Bore the shoot and fruit of brinjal/eggplant dan buah terung Bore the shoot and fruit of brinjal/eggplant dan buah terung The young shoots wilt and die, and if they are cut open it will be seen that they have been bored. The young shoots wilt and die, and if they are cut open it will be seen that they have been bored. Affected fruits have holes in them, and when they are cut open the pinkish or reddish caterpillars may be inside. Affected fruits have holes in them, and when they are cut open the pinkish or reddish caterpillars may be inside.

Control: Affected fruits and shoots should be removed and destroyed Control: Affected fruits and shoots should be removed and destroyed Pesticide:Nuvacron, carbaryl Pesticide:Nuvacron, carbaryl

Bactrocera spp Diptera:Tephritidae Diptera:Tephritidae Fruitflies Fruitflies Cucumber Cucumber The stings, produced by the act of oviposition by the female flies, cause black spots on the cucurbit fruits The stings, produced by the act of oviposition by the female flies, cause black spots on the cucurbit fruits The maggots feed inside the fruits leaving brown patches on the skin. The maggots feed inside the fruits leaving brown patches on the skin. seriously damaged by the tunnelling activity of the larvae, infested fruits usually fall to the ground. seriously damaged by the tunnelling activity of the larvae, infested fruits usually fall to the ground. If the fruits are cut open many white maggots will be found inside If the fruits are cut open many white maggots will be found inside

Control; wrap the vege./fruit Control; wrap the vege./fruit Infested vege/fruits should be destroyed Infested vege/fruits should be destroyed

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