1. Pests & Diseases

2. Insects - Anatomy Insects
Small animals that have three body regions and three pairs or six legs.
The three body regions are….
Head
Thorax
Abdomen

3. Parts of the Insect

4. Life Cycle of Insects Complete metamorphosis Egg Larva Pupa Adult Worm
Caterpillar
Pupa
Adult
Flies
Beetles

5. Life Cycle of Insects
Incomplete metamorphosis
Egg
Nymph
Adult

6. Chewing Insects
Beetle
Eat leaves, stems, flowers, fruit and nuts.

7. Chewing Insects Cutworms
Usually attack stems, but may eat other plant parts.

8. Chewing Insects Caterpillars
Larva of moths and butterflies and are fuzzy or hairy.
Eat young leaves and stems.
Roll up in leaves making the leaves curl.

9. Grasshoppers
Eat all parts of plants.
Chewing Insects

10. Sucking Insects Aphids Pierce & suck juices. Known as plant lice.
Cause stunted growth and yellow spotted leaves.
Causes sticky substance and black mold which attracts ants.

11. Sucking Insects Mealybugs
Pierce and suck from underside of leaves and in leaf axils.
Causes yellow appearance and sticky secretions.

12. Sucking Insects Whiteflies
Feed on underside of young leaves causing yellowing.
They will look like flying little white specks when plants are shaken.

13. Plant Diseases

14. A plant disorder caused by an infectious pathogen or agent.
What is a Disease???

15. Conditions Needed for a Disease
Three conditions are necessary for a disease in a plant.
Host plant
Disease causing organism or pathogen must be present.
Favorable environment for disease organism to develop.

16. The Disease Triangle

17. What Causes a Disease?? FUNGI The groups of pathogens are…. Bacteria
Viruses
Parasitic plants
Mistletoe
Dodder
Lichens
FUNGI

18. Parasitic Plants
MISTLETOE
DODDER
LICHENS

19. Controlling Diseases
Warm temperatures and moist conditions in greenhouse plant production make most horticulture plant diseases worse because….
Environmental conditions that support disease-causing pathogens.
Preventing plant diseases is better than treating the diseases.
Plant diseases must be identified before they can be treated.

20. Plant Diseases – Blight
Cause plants to quickly turn brown as if they had been burned.

21. Plant Diseases – Canker
Causes open wounds on woody plant stems.

22. Plant Diseases – Damping Off
A fungal disease that causes young plants and seedlings to rot off at the soil level.

23. Round swellings or growths on plants.
Plant Diseases – Galls

24. Plant Diseases – Leaf Spots
Rings of different shades of brown, green, or yellow that make spots on leaves.

25. Plant Diseases – Mildew
Grows on leaf surfaces (both upper & lower) as white, gray or purple spots.

26. Plant Diseases – Mosaic
Caused by viruses that make the leaves have irregular mottled areas with patterns ranging from dark green to light green to yellow to white.

27. Plant Diseases – Rot
Causes plants to decay & die.

28. Plant Diseases – Rust
Causes small spots on leaves that resemble yellow, orange, brown or red rust mainly on the underneath side of leaves.

29. Plant Diseases – Smut
A black powdery disease that causes blisters that burst open releasing black spores.

30. Plant Diseases – Wilts
Disease that blocks the uptake of water in plants stems causing it to wilt.