CSE260: Introduction to Digital Logic and Computer Design Spring 2013 Viktor Gruev vgruev@wustl.edu Bryan Hall 405-D http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~vgruev/cse/260/index.htm EE Times, Berkeley Design Tech. (D. Rommel) (AMD X4 Proc; photo: Sc. Am, Jan. 2010)

Teaching Assistants Raphael Njuguna (njugunar@seas.wustl.edu) Meenal Kulkarni (kulkarnim@seas.wustl.edu) Sam Powell (powells@seas.wustl.edu)

Course Description This course provides a modern introduction to logic design and the basic building blocks used in digital systems, in particular digital computers. It starts with a discussion of combinational logic: logic gates, minimization techniques, arithmetic circuits, and modern logic devices such as field programmable logic gates. The second part of the course deals with sequential circuits: flip-flops, synthesis of sequential circuits, and case studies, including counters, registers, and random access memories. State machines will then be discussed and illustrated through case studies of more complex systems using programmable logic devices. Different representations including truth table, logic gate, timing diagram, switch representation, and state diagram will be discussed.

Course Description: Lab The course has an accompanying lab component that integrates hands-on experience with modern computer-aided design software including logic simulation, minimization and an introduction of the use of hardware description language (VHDL). The hands-on assignments will make use of the Xilinx ISE tool chain for the design and implementation of a variety of projects. The labs will give you direct feedback on how your design performs and will be a great learning tool.

Course Description: Lab Lab in Lopata Hall 401 We will use a development board form Opal Kelly (XEM 6002). The boards contains a Xilinx Spartan 6 chip. Support USB and PMODs.

Course Logistics Prerequisite: Textbook: CSE 131: Computer Science I or comparable programming experience. Textbook: "Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals,"  4th Edition, by M. Mano and C. Kime, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2008. ISBN# 0138134006. Online Student material, including solutions to selected problems and additional reading:  http://www.writphotec.com/mano/

Grading Course Grading Grading Policy: Weekly Homework: 15% Lab Reports: 15% Midterm 1: 20% Midterm 2: 20%  Final Exam (cumulative): 30% Grading Policy: 90% or above A 80% to 89% B 65% to 79% C 45% to 64% D 44% or below F

Syllabus (tentative)

Digital Circuits are Everywhere Communications Multi-media Manufacturing Consumer electronics Health care Defense and security Software Automotive, etc (Source: R. Tummala, IEEE Spectrum, June 2006)

Life Changers Of these 30 innovations , 10 are directly related to advances in Digital Logic and Solid State Circuits; Nightly business report on PBS: Top innovations of the last 30 yrs, according to judges at the Univ. of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School Another 8 are the indirect results of ICs. See artilcel at: http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2163

CSE260: Introduction to Digital Logic EE Times, Berkeley Design Tech. (D. Rommel) Deals with building blocks of digital systems (Intel) ? PCI: Peripheral Component Interconnect ISA: Industrial Standard Architecture EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics: connects that connect cables for Hard drives, Floppy drives.

What are Logic Gates built from? Transistors: The transistor is the workhorse of every electronic device. Digital building blocks Transistor [CSE 463]

What is a Transistor? Electronic, solid-state device that can amplify an electric signal: Vout > Vin Powerout > Powerin More about it in ESE 232 and CSE 463. in S out B (Source: IMEC) transistor Mike Id input output

Digital Model of a Transistor We make abstraction of the signals: 0 or 1 As a result a transistors can be considered a switch (on or off; 1 or ;):

Ten quintillion Ten quintillion: 10x1018 Is about the number grains of rice harvested in 2004 Number of transistors fabricated in 2004 In 2008: 1B transistors fabricated/capita

What is an IC? An Integrated Circuit is a miniaturized electronic circuits whose components (transistors, resistors, capacitors) are build on the surface of a semiconductor wafer, using the same planar fabrication technology. (Source: http://www.majelac.com/images/wafer_dicing.jpg) (Source: Wikipedia) (Picture: Scientific American, Jan. 2010)

Intel Itanium 9300 Tukwila Processor (source: www.tgdaily.com) Four cores Over 2 billion transistors!

Chip complexity Compare to a street map Complexity of the USA (AMD X4 Proc: 758 million transistors; photo: Sc. Am, Jan. 2010) Submicron and nanoscale dimensions

World of the Small 5 layers of interconnections Chip level Circuit Level (ESE 232) 5 layers of interconnections (IBM Corp.) Chip level (CSE 463) Logic Level (CSE 260)

Moore’s Law Chip complexity doubles every two years First 2-Billion Trans. Processor (Tukwila: Itanium processor); Production Q1, 2010

How to Design such complex systems? Make Abstractions Divide and Conquer Reuse previous designs (IP)

Importance of Abstraction Real world is very messy – can be described by the laws of Physics For EE, CS, these laws are Maxwell’s equations (Electromagnetics – ESE310) Simplifications (abstractions): Lumped models (R, L, C, V) Amplifier level Digital abstraction: Gate level (inverter, AND gates) …

Digital Abstractions (simplifications) Transistors  switches Gates: inverter, AND, OR, etc. Next level: Combinational logic Next: Synchronous and sequential logic Next: Computational architecture: X86 Next: Language Abstraction Software System Abstraction (OS, Linux, Windows) Thanks to these levels of abstractions one can build useful things, e.g. iPad, etc.

CSE 260 Introduction to modern logic design and digital building blocks: Digital circuits, Logic design and Micro-operations Focus on how to design and build Digital Systems: From simple gates to more complex building blocks. Learn modern tools to design digital circuits. XC4000

Beyond CSE 260 CSE 260 is only one aspect of building digital systems. What else? Using digital systems (FPGAs) in embedded systems [CSE 462] Computer Design [CSE 362] Chip Design [CSE 463, CSE 563]

Underwater camera using FPGA