Specifying GREEN A presentation by Building Systems Design, Inc. Robert Paul Dean, AIA, CSI, CCS

Preview Overview of Green Building Introduction to USGBC and LEED Definitions Difficulties Introduction to USGBC and LEED Rating Systems & Criteria Categories LEED, Limitations & Opportunities Green Specifications Importance of early performance specs Strategizing for optimum credits Tools & Resources Websites Specification Tools

Definition Green Building: Design and construct facilities that minimize adverse effects on the exterior environment, enhance the quality of the indoor environment, and minimize consumption of energy, water, construction materials, and other resources -- both initially and on a life cycle basis Sources: CSI-DBIA PerSpective and USGBC

Definition Green Building: Many potential conflicts exist between the various green building goals, so designing and constructing ecologically sound buildings is a delicate balancing act Achieving reasonable results requires that we evaluate as many issues as possible and attempt to use the most cost-effective green building strategies available for a given situation

U. S. Green Building Council originated in 1993 the nation’s foremost coalition of leaders from across the building industry working to promote buildings that are environmentally responsible, profitable and healthy places to live and work. members work together to develop LEED® products and resources, the Greenbuild annual International Conference and Expo, policy guidance, and educational and marketing tools that support the adoption of sustainable building.

LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design a national consensus-based, market-driven building rating system designed to accelerate the development and implementation of green building practices a system for designing, constructing and certifying green buildings

LEED-NC Green Building Rating Systems – Numerous criticisms: lacks scientific rigor certification requires significant additional effort at every phase, including final submittal requirements LEED-NC designed primarily for office buildings insufficient attention to LCA: embodied energy waste disposal potential for global warming ozone depletion of building products

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System LEED-NC: 2.1 currently in use; version 2.2 is expected in fall of 2005 LEED-NC: Version 3.0 incorporating LCA features also under development

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Criteria Categories Sustainable Sites Water Efficiency Energy & Atmosphere Materials & Resources Indoor Environmental Quality Innovation & Design Process

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Criteria Categories Sustainable Sites Water Efficiency Energy & Atmosphere Materials & Resources Indoor Environmental Quality Innovation & Design Process 14 points possible 5 points possible 17 points possible 13 points possible 15 points possible 5 points possible

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Criteria Categories Sustainable Sites Water Efficiency Energy & Atmosphere Materials & Resources Indoor Environmental Quality Innovation & Design Process 14 points possible 5 points possible 17 points possible 13 points possible 69 points theoretically possible 15 points possible 5 points possible

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Certified: 26-32 points Silver: 33-38 points Gold: 39-51 points Platinum: 52-69 points Plus 7 prerequisites that must be met for rating eligibility

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LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Achieving LEED certification will depend heavily on early design decisions, including site selection Waiting until the construction documents phase to begin making green decisions may make achieving LEED certification difficult or impossible

SPECIFYING GREEN EARLY IN A PROJECT

SPECIFYING GREEN EARLY IN A PROJECT

SPECIFYING GREEN EARLY IN A PROJECT

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Another Way of Strategizing Credits: Prerequisites Site Options Construction Procedures No- & Low-Cost “Good Sense” Options Architectural Design Options Plumbing Design Options HVAC Design Options Electrical Design Options “Green Materials” Issues

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Another Way of Strategizing Credits: Prerequisites Site Options 7 Construction Procedures 4 No- & Low-Cost “Good Sense” Options 18 Architectural Design Options 4 Plumbing Design Options 7 HVAC Design Options 20 Electrical Design Options 4 “Green Materials” Issues 8

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Prerequisites: SS P1 Erosion & sedimentation control: During construction After completion EA P1 Fundamental system commissioning EA P2 Minimum energy performance EA P3 CFC reduction, HVAC&R equipment MR P1 Storage, collection of recyclables IEQ P1 Minimum IAQ performance IEQ P2 Environmental tobacco smoke control

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Site Options: SS1 Site is not environmentally sensitive: 1 SS2 Site is in a developed urban context: 1 SS3 Site is contaminated or a brownfield: 1 SS4.1 Site is near public transportation: 1 MR1.1 Reuse bldg.; maintain 75% shell: 1 MR1.2 Reuse bldg.; maintain 100% shell: 1 MR1.3 Reuse 100% shell; 50% other: 1

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Site Options: All 7 credits are either possible or not, depending on project location, and only reuse options are addressable in the specifications

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Construction Procedures: MR2.1 Waste management, divert 50%: 1 MR2.2 Waste management, divert 75%: 1 IEQ3.1 IAQ management, construction: 1 IEQ3.2 IAQ management, pre-occupancy: 1

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Construction Procedures: 4 possible credits are available by requiring “best practice” construction procedures in the specifications that are directly under the control of the Contractor

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – No- & Low-Cost “Good Sense” Options: SS4.2 Bicycle storage & changing rooms: 1 SS4.3 Alternative fuel vehicle provisions: 1 SS4.4 Parking capacity & carpooling: 1 SS5.1 Reduced site disturbance: 1 SS5.2 Reduced development footprint: 1 SS6.1 Stormwater management: 1 SS7.1 Heat island effect – non-roof: 1 SS7.2 Heat island effect – roof: 1 SS8 Light pollution reduction: 1

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – No- & Low-Cost “Good Sense” Options (continued): WE1.1 Water efficient landscaping, 50%: 1 WE1.2 Water efficient landscaping, none: 1 EA3 Additional commissioning: 1 IEQ2 Ventilation effectiveness: 1 IEQ4.1 Low-emitting adhesives, sealants: 1 IEQ4.2 Low-emitting paints: 1 IEQ4.3 Low-emitting carpet: 1 IEQ4.4 Low-emitting composite woods: 1 IEQ7.1 Comfort comply w/ASHRAE 55-92: 1

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – No- & Low-Cost “Good Sense” Options (continued): 18 credits are possible with little or no extra effort, and most are addressable in the specifications

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Architectural Design Options: IEQ5 Indoor pollutant source control: 1 IEQ6.1 Controllability perimeter systems: 1 IEQ8.1 Daylight 75% of spaces: 1 IEQ8.2 Views for 90% of spaces: 1

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Architectural Design Options: 4 credits are possible through thoughtful design, which may differ from features that would ordinarily characterize the particular building type; some features are addressed in the specifications

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Plumbing Design Options: SS6.1 Stormwater management, rate: 1 SS6.2 Stormwater management, treatment: 1 WE1.1 Reduce landscape watering 50%: 1 WE1.2 No potable landscape watering: 1 WE2 Innovative wastewater technologies: 1 WE3.1 Reduce water use by 20%: 1 WE3.2 Reduce water use by 30%: 1

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Plumbing Design Options: 7 credits are possible through innovative plumbing design related to the use of rainwater and/or graywater systems; these are primarily design issues that are secon-darily addressable in the specifications

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – HVAC Design Options: EA1 Optimize energy performance: 1-10 EA2 Renewable energy utilization: 1-3 EA4 Reduced ozone depletion: 1 EA5 Measurement & verification: 1 EA6 Green power: 1 IEQ1 Carbon dioxide monitoring: 1 IEQ6.1 Perimeter lighting control: 1 IEQ6.2 Controllability, non-perimeter: 1 IEQ7.2 Permanent comfort monitoring: 1

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – HVAC Design Options: 20 credits are available through advanced design features and/or additional systems that are not normally encountered; most are design issues that are secondarily addressable in the specifications

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Electrical Design Options: SS8 Light pollution reduction: 1 EA5 Measurement & verification: 1 IEQ6.1 Lighting control at perimeter: 1 IEQ6.2 Lighting control, non-perimeter: 1

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – Electrical Design Options: 4 credits are available through enhanced design features and/or extra systems that are not normally encountered; most are design issues that are secondarily addressable in the specifications

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – “Green Materials” Issues: MR3.1 Resource reuse, 5%: 1 MR3.2 Resource reuse, 10%: 1 MR4.1 Recycled content, 5%: 1 MR4.2 Recycled content, 10%: 1 MR5.1 Locally produced materials, 20%: 1 MR5.2 Locally harvested MR5.1, 50%: 1 MR6 Rapidly renewable materials: 1 MR7 Sustainably harvested wood: 1

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – “Green Materials” Issues: 8 credits are available through specific material choices that are all addressable in the specifications

LEED-NC Green Building Rating System – “Green Materials” Issues: Achieving these credits also requires a significant amount of documentation and computation Recordkeeping during the construction phase is likely to be a significant cost of each credit, disregarding actual cost of the materials (which is also likely to be greater)

SPECIFYING GREEN LATER IN A PROJECT Site Selection Availability of Alternative Transportation Parking Capacity Reduced Footprint, Site Disturbance Reduced Parking Impact Overall Design for Reduced Energy Needs Optimization of Energy Performance Purchasing Green Power Provisions for Recycling Ventilation Design Prohibition of Smoking Elimination of Pollutants Design & Owner Issues (Not Specifiable):

SPECIFYING GREEN -- Resources www.buildinggreen.com: GreenSpec: Directory of green building products, with guide specs ($89.00) BuildingGreen Suite: Online product lookup ($199/year) www.wbdg.org/design/greenspec.php: Draft Federal Guide for Green Construction Specs (free PDF or Word file for downloading) www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/info/design/construction.html: Energy and Environmental Guidelines (free) Websites

SPECIFYING GREEN -- Resources www.bfrl.nist.gov/oae/software/bees.html BEES Software: free download www.usgbc.org: Project Registration/Certification ($750-$7500) Professional Accreditation ($250/$350) www.greenbuildingstudio.com: Whole Building Energy Analysis: free Project Information Sharing Service Design Alternative Comparisons DOE-2 and EnergyPlus Model Input Files Product Advisor (paid product ads, filtered for relevance Websites

SPECIFYING GREEN -- Resources BSD SpecLink® by Building Systems Design, Inc. PerSpective® tab permits establishment of design criteria early in a project; use it to establish desired LEED performance levels SpecLink tab for construction documents 2 checklist sections automate spec selection LEED submittal requirements in many sections Automatic LEED submittals report MasterSpec® by ARCOM “95+ sections with LEED requirements, text, or commentaries SpecText® by Construction Sciences Research Foundation UFGS & SpecsIntact by USACE, NAVFAC, and NASA Specification Systems

SPECIFYING GREEN BSD SpecLink® includes an automated LEED credit summary checklist section that organizes the potential credits logically and helps you determine those that are most feasible for your project.

SPECIFYING GREEN Links from the checklist automatically select appropriate options, highlight relevant sections, and select specific requirements within those sections.

SPECIFYING GREEN BSD SpecLink® also includes a LEED Requirements Section that automatically summarizes the project’s LEED provisions and lists all the sections with detailed LEED requirements.

SPECIFYING GREEN SUMMARY Definition: Start early for maximum benefit Minimize impact on external environment Optimize internal environment Minimize use of resources Minimize ongoing energy use Start early for maximum benefit Integrate design & specifications Strategize for best use of resources Register project early for LEED certification

SPECIFYING GREEN Thank you for your attention! Building Systems Design, Inc. www.bsdsoftlink.com 888-BSD-SOFT (888 273-7638)