Introduction to Networks and the Internet Bent Thomsen Institut for Datalogi Aalborg Universitet.

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Networks and the Internet Bent Thomsen Institut for Datalogi Aalborg Universitet

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT 2-12 What is a network Carrier of data between connected computers What does a network consist of? –End hosts connected to the network –Physical links that carry data Ethernet, FDDI, ATM, … –Routers/switches –Protocols TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, … –Applications that communicate with each other Printing, , file transfer, web browsers,..

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT 2-13 Small Local Networks

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT 2-14 Local Area Networks

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT 2-15 Large Local Area Networks

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT 2-16 Client/Server networking Access large data sets and huge computing resources from desktop machines Separate data processing from presentation Facilitate several views on raw data Split workload between machines across a network –Do some processing locally and some on a server –Middleware and distributed objects

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT 2-17 Direct connection

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT 2-18 Client/Server connection

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT 2-19 Web based client/server

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT The Internet A set of connected networks –All use the same network protocol (IP) Most common protocol used is TCP/IP –Connection oriented –Reliable, in-order byte-stream Application protocols on top of TCP/IP –SMTP –HTTP –FTP UDP is another protocol –Used for streaming video and audio –Some peer-to-peer applications Protocols define format, order of messages and actions taken on messages

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT The Internet is a collection of interconnected networks

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT Connecting to the Internet Through ISP –Modem dialup –Always-on: ADSL, Cable, FWA Direct/Dedicated network –Companies –Universities –(WLAN operators)

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT How to connect to the Internet

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT An Internet Backbone

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT A bigger Internet backbone UUNet/WorldCom

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT Some Internet basics Each computer on the internet has a unique address – the IP address – –Most end-user computers are allocated an IP address when they connect – DHCP –IP addresses can be given a name E.g Looked up via DNS ( )

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT Package switched

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT Routing on the Internet

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT Things that may be in your way Operating system settings Gateways Firewalls Proxy servers Caches Virus filters Spam filters Adult filters

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT Internet Applications Electronic mail ( ) Mailing lists Newsgroups File Transfer Chat Instant Messaging World Wide Web

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT The World Wide Web 1991 The web (HTML/HTTP) - 1 web server 1993 The Mosaic Browser web servers 1994 Netscape – over web servers 1995 Internet Explorer - over web servers 1995 Java 1996 Browser wars – over 1 million web servers 1997 IE XML and WAP – over 5 million web servers 1999 IE5

October 2002Bent Thomsen - FIT “a consensual hallucination experienced daily by billions of operators in every nation …” Gibson Cyberspace