KAJIAN PROSPEKTIF PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK DALAM PERAWATAN KES URTI

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Presentation transcript:

KAJIAN PROSPEKTIF PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK DALAM PERAWATAN KES URTI DI KLINIK-KLINIK KESIHATAN WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN KUALA LUMPUR

PENGENALAN Semasa Persidangan Antimicrobial Resistant di Putrajaya baru-baru ini membangkitkan bahawa peratusan perbelanjaan antibiotik di KK WPKL&P tahun 2011 didapati paling tinggi berbanding negeri lain Peratus perbelanjaan paling tinggi di PK Putrajaya diikuti oleh KK Jinjang, KK Batu dan KK Cheras Baru.

ANALYSIS OF EXPENDITURE ON ANTIBIOTICS BY STATES IN 2011

PERCENTAGE OF ANTIBIOTICS EXPENDITURE COMPARED WITH THE TOTAL ANNUAL DRUG BUDGET 2008-2011   HOSPITAL CATATAN PRIMARY CARE 2008 2009 2010 2011 ∆ 2010&2011 Perlis 12.00% 15.19% 10.41% 10.87% +0.46 2.93% 4.50% 4.84% 5.26% +0.42 Kedah 12.86% 11.72% 11.80% 12.38% +0.58 2.99% 5.47% 4.27% 6.60% +2.33 Pulau Pinang 9.90% 9.77% 8.50% 6.81% -1.69 2.47% 4.07% 2.96% 8.53% +5.57 Perak 7.90% 10.26% 9.79% 9.86% +0.07 6.58% 3.30% 4.65% 8.70% +4.05 Selangor 10.83% 11.46% 10.20% +1.52 4.45% 4.93% 6.16% 8.52% +2.36 JKWP 5.34% 6.65% 6.84% 7.20% +0.36 3.31% 3.27% 2.63% 6.03% +3.4 HKL 6.50% 11.19% 10.78% 7.49% -3.29  - -

TOTAL EXPENDITURE ON ANTIBIOTICS BY STATE IN 2011 HOSPITAL % OF TOTAL EXPENDITURE ON ANTIBIOTICS PRIMARY CARE TOTAL Perlis 1,271,766.40 83.91 243,854.85 16.09 1,515,621.25 Kedah 9,877,243.18 84.94 1,750,970.85 15.06 11,628,214.03 Penang 7,494,301.76 86.75 1,144,454.99 13.25 8,638,756.75 Perak 13,887,116.53 84.81 2,486,550.54 15.19 16,373,667.07 Selangor 21,136,947.27 87.06 3,140,508.35 12.94 24,277,455.62 JKWP 1,413,202.12 54.35 1,187,100.25 45.65* 2,600,302.37 HKL 9,917,504.20 100.00 - 0.00 N Sembilan 5,958,072.69 79.47 1,539,317.15 20.53 7,497,389.84 Melaka 4,557,068.15 79.70 1,160,973.47 20.30 5,718,041.62 Johor 18,547,635.53 85.57 3,127,532.49 14.43 21,675,168.02 Pahang 7,371,083.55 70.76 3,045,811.59 29.24 10,416,895.14 Terengganu 4,087,400.22 73.96 1,438,885.54 26.04 5,526,285.76 Kelantan 5,104,681.55 73.83 1,809,278.43 26.17 6,913,959.98 Sabah 13,532,807.17 78.91 3,616,487.83 21.09 17,149,295.00 Sarawak 10,442,881.73 69.99 4,478,602.54 30.01 14,921,484.27 WP Labuan 378,156.87 87.30 55,032.05 12.70 433,188.92 134,977,868.92 81.70 30,225,360.92 18.30 165,203,229.84 *NOTE: 1 HOSPITAL VS 14 KK

PERCENTAGE OF ANTIBIOTIC EXPENDITURE FOR KK JKWP (2011)

PRESKRIPSI DIDISPENS(2008-2011)

Objektif Kajian Mengenalpasti bilangan kes URTI yang dirawat di KK Mengenalpasti peratusan kes URTI yang diberi rawatan antibiotik Mengetahui jenis antibiotik yang sering diguna Mengenalpasti anggota yang memberi perawatan antibiotik untuk kes URTI

Metodologi kajian Semua KK di JKWPKL kecuali Putrajaya Hanya kes URTI pada bulan September 2012 diambil berdasarkan slip ubat Slip ubat yang mempunyai antibiotik di ambil sebagai data Denominator kes URTI adalah dari reten bulanan yang dihantar kepada KPAS

Hasil kajian 2 klinik menggunakan sistem TPC iaitu KK Jinjang dan Batu. Data diambil melalui TPC. 11 klinik lain menggunakan kaedah manual – berdasarkan slip ubat.

Kes URTI untuk Sept 2012 Bil Klinik Kesihatan Bil Kes URTI (TPC) Peratus 1 Jinjang 3124 (888) 25 (39) 2 Batu 1093 (1092) 8.8 (48) 3 Keramat 417 3.4 4 Tanglin 788 (300) 6.3 (13) 5 Kg Pandan 879 7.1 6 Pantai 502 7 Petaling Bahagia 766 6.2 8 Cheras Baru 934 7.5 9 Cheras ? 10 Sungai Besi 750 11 Bdr Tun Razak 1129 9.1 12 Setapak 846 6.8 13 Sentul 1199 9.6 Total 12427 (2280) 100%

Bil Kes URTI yang menerima antibiotik Klinik Kesihatan Bil Kes URTI Bil Kes diberi AB Peratus (%) Jinjang 3124 (888) - (114) - (12.8) Setapak 846 330 39 Keramat 417 71 17 Tanglin 788 (300) 397 (32) 50.4 (10.7) Kg Pandan 879 120 13.7 Pantai 502 236 47 Petaling Bahagia 766 223 29.1 Cheras Baru 934 179 19.2 Cheras ? 333 Sungai Besi 750 101 13.5 Bdr Tun Razak 1129 94 8.3 Batu 1093 (1092) (95) - (8.7) Sentul 1199 317 26.4 Total 12427 (2280) 2401 (241) 100%

Anggota yang memberi antibiotik Klinik Kesihatan FMS PEGAWAI PERUBATAN PENOLONG PEGAWAI PERUBATAN JUMLAH Jinjang (25) (89) -(114) Setapak 5 298 27 330 Keramat 34 37 71 Tanglin 8 (0) 391 (32) 397 (32) Kg Pandan 2 53 65 120 Pantai 236 Petaling Bahagia 210 13 223 Cheras Baru 174 179 Cheras 4 323 6 333 Sungai Besi 41 60 101 Bdr Tun Razak 92 94 Batu -(1) -(81) -(13) -(95) Sentul 1 234 82 317 Total 20 (1) 2086 (138) 297 (102) 2403 (241)

Anggota yang memberi antibiotik FMS PEGAWAI PERUBATAN PENOLONG PEGAWAI PERUBATAN JUMLAH 20 (1) 2086 (138) 297 (102) 2403 (241) 0.8 (0.4) 86.8 (57.3) 12.4 (42.3) 100%

Jenis-jenis antibiotik yang diberi Klinik Kesihatan Amoxycillin EES Ampicillin Augmentin cefuroxime Cephalexin Doxycycline Bacampicillin Cloxacillin Jinjang 55 10 30 19 Setapak 166 130 5 3 2 1 Keramat 18 36 15 23 Tanglin 81 235 11 6 4 56 Kg Pandan 16 69 8 Pantai 45 136 31 Petaling Bahagia 192 22

Jenis-jenis antibiotik yang diberi Klinik Kesihatan Amoxycillin EES Ampicillin Augmentin cefuroxime Cephalexin Doxycycline Bacampicillin Cloxacillin Cheras Baru 108 22 32 1 16 Cheras 81 177 67 3 4 Sungai Besi 12 83 2 Bdr Tun Razak 54 24 7 6 Batu 35 11 13 Sentul 238 25 Total 681 1387 240 18 124 139

Antibiotik yang di gunakan mengikut anggota FMS Augmentin 10 Cefuroxime 6 Cephalexin 2 EES 1 Ampicillin 1 Amoxycillin 1

Antibiotik yang di gunakan mengikut anggota Pegawai Perubatan Augmentin 6 Bacampicillin 99 Cephalexin 125 EES 937 Ampicillin 152 Amoxycillin 552 Cloxacillin 9 Doxycycline 1

Antibiotik yang di gunakan mengikut anggota Penolong Pegawai Perubatan Bacampicillin 30 Cephalexin 3 EES 243 Ampicillin 41 Amoxycillin 166 Cloxacillin 3

Rumusan Kes URTI yang dilaporkan untuk JKWPKL pada bulan Sept 2012 sahaja sebanyak 12427 kes Peratusan penggunaan antibiotik secara purata adalah 26% untuk JKWPKL dengan julat antara 8% - 50% Pegawai Perubatan merupakan anggota paling kerap memberi antibiotik Antibiotik yang kerap digunakan ialah Erythromycin dan Amoxycillin.

Limitasi Definisi URTI Definisi reten yang dihantar ke KPAS Slip ubat yang tiada diagnosis diambil Kes-kes seperti Otitis Media/A Tonsilitis/Sinusitis diambilkira dalam kajian ini yang mana patut dikecualikan

Penambahbaikan Melakukan CME peringkat zon/klinik Diagnosis ditulis di slip ubat Farmasi menolak preskripsi yang mengandungi antibiotik tapi tiada diagnosis Melakukan audit kad secara regular Melakukan kajian semula selepas 6 bulan penambahbaikan dilakukan