Chapter 16-3 Segregation & Discrimination

Literacy Test Region: South Who: African Americans, illiterate whites How: Prevented them from voting; weakening political power

Poll Tax Region: South Who: Poor African Americans, poor whites How: Prevented them from voting; weakened political power Had to pay tax in order to vote Abolished 1964 (24th Amendment)

Grandfather Clause Region: South Who: African Americans How: Prevented them from voting; weakened their political power If your Grandfather/father could vote prior to January 1st 1867 you could too

Jim Crow Laws Region: South Who: African Americans How: Segregated them into facilities separate from those of whites; forced them to endure second-class services from schools, hospitals, parks, transportation services, and so on Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Separate but Equal

Racial Etiquette Region: All, Especially in South Who: African Americans How: Belittled and humiliated them on daily basis; made interaction with whites extremely dangerous; forced them to show deference to whites; made most forms of success dangerous

Debt Peonage Region: West, Southwest Who: Mexican Americans, African Americans How: Forced them to work against their will to pay a debt; made them little more than slaves; denied them the ability to live own lives

Chinese Exclusion Act Region: All Who: Chinese, Chinese Americans How: Prohibited Chinese immigration to the US; suspended naturalization for Chinese who were already present