Interprofessional Education and Practice: Creating Leaders and Opportunities for Clinical Learning MODULE 2 Setting the Scene Setting the Scene Funded by the Australian Government Office for Learning and Teaching

Learning outcomes Define both interprofessional education and interprofessional practice Demonstrate an understanding of the education/practice continuum Examine the evidence for interprofessional education

Advancing interprofessional education and practice in Australia (© University of Toronto ehpic™, 2013) Interprofessional Education Interdependent Interprofessional Practice

Romanow (2002) “If health care providers are expected to work together and share expertise in a team environment, it makes sense that their education and training should prepare them for this type of working arrangement.” The cartoon “CIHC Campus: How can they work together if they don’t learn together?” (CIHC, 2008)

Framework for action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice Local Context Health & Education Systems Improved Health Outcomes Interprofessional Education Collaborative Practice Strengthened Health Systems Optimal Health Services Fragmented Health Systems Local Health Needs Present & Future Health Workforce Health Workforce Collaborative Practice-Ready (WHO, 2010)

Interprofessional education (IPE) “…occurs when two or more professions learn about, from and with each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes...” (WHO, 2010)

Interprofessional practice (IPP) “…occurs when multiple health workers from different professional backgrounds provide comprehensive health services by working with patients, their families, carers & communities to deliver the highest quality of care across settings...” and, “…partnership between a team of health providers and a client in a participatory, collaborative and coordinated approach to shared decision making around health and social issues…” (WHO, 2010)

Practice spectrum How do multiprofessional, interprofessional and transprofessional practice differ from each other? UniprofessionalMultiprofessionalInterprofessionalTransprofessional

Education spectrum How do multiprofessional and interprofessional education differ from each other? UniprofessionalMultiprofessionalInterprofessional

Why now?

Shortage of 4.3 million health workers world-wide (Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice. WHO, 2010)

Global networks Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative AIPPEN Australiasian Interprofessional Practice and Education Network American Interprofessional Health Collaborative Centre For The Advancement of Interprofessional Education (UK) European Interprofessional Education Network in Health & Social Care Nordic Interprofessional Network The Network Toward Unity for Health INTERED The International Association for Interprofessional Education & Collaboration Japanese Association for Interprofessional Education

Interprofessional practice (IPP) “…occurs when multiple health workers from different professional backgrounds provide comprehensive health services by working with patients, their families, carers & communities to deliver the highest quality of care across settings…” (WHO, 2010)

Rehabilitation Care Primary Care Acute Care …across all settings… (© University of Toronto ehpic ™, 2013)

Evidence for interprofessional education Increased understanding of others role, skills & responsibilities, overlap in knowledge & skills Altered stereotypical views Enhanced team working skills Better sense of how interprofessional collaboration & communication skills grow & develop (Cooper et al., 2001, Reeves et al., 2008)

Evidence for interprofessional practice Greater continuity of care (less fragmented services) Better access to services & shorter waiting times Collaborative decision-making with patients and family Better patient outcomes, safety and satisfaction More appropriate referrals Improved safety and quality in health care delivery Increased level of critical thinking among health professions Higher levels of well-being amongst staff, greater retention Better communication Reduction in duplicity of service, procedures and assessment Reduced hospital admissions (WHO, 2010)

Quality healthcare Safe - avoiding injuries to patients Effective - providing services based on scientific knowledge Patient-centered - providing care that is respectful of, and responsive to, individual patient preferences, needs, and values Timely - reducing waits and sometimes harmful delays Efficient - avoiding waste Equitable - providing care that does not vary in quality because of personal characteristics (Crossing the Quality Chasm. IOM, 2001)

Example from Canada

National Chronic Disease Strategy “ Integrated care means that health services work collaboratively with each other, and with patients and their families and carers, to provide person centred optimal care” The report Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice (WHO, 2010) The report National Health Workforce Innovation and Reform Strategic Framework for Action (HWA, 2011) The report National Chronic Disease Strategy (NHPAC, 2006)

Reality in Australia Client, student & facilitator stories

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