2nd Nine Weeks Exam Review Ch. 6, Ch. 7 & Civics in Action HB

3. At least one-half of all American colonists were Loyalists. 1. The American colonies declared independence from Great Britain in July 1775. 2. British advantages during the war included a stronger military, greater wealth, and a larger population. 3. At least one-half of all American colonists were Loyalists. 4. Most of the soldiers in the Continental Army signed up for the duration of the war. 5. Nathan Hale was a Patriot soldier who became a traitor and spied for the British. 6. The defeat of General Burgoyne at Saratoga was the result of the British army's shortage of weapons and supplies. False True False False False True

7. Spain's attacks on British forts in places such as Mobile helped the Americans by diverting British troops from fighting the war.   8. When Congress printed millions of dollars worth of paper money, with little gold and silver to back it up, the price of goods in the colonies dropped. 9.A blockade of the American coast by British ships prevented supplies and reinforcement from reaching the Continental Army. 10. The French were the American colonists' most important ally during the American Revolution. 11. The last battle of the American Revolution occurred at Yorktown in 1781. True False True True True

12. What was the name given to Americans who supported independence? 13. On Christmas night 1776, the Patriots scored a victory at   14. "These are the times that try men's souls," was written by  16. Where did the Patriot forces endure a winter of terrible suffering? Patriots Trenton Thomas Paine Valley Forge

21. Americans who remained loyal to Great Britain were 17. The French announced support for the United States after the American victory at     20. King George III agreed to give the Americans their freedom after the victory at  21. Americans who remained loyal to Great Britain were 27. The British promised to withdraw all troops from American territory in the   29. Bernardo de Gálvez was _____ and an _____ of the American colonies. Saratoga Yorktown Tories Treaty of Paris Governor of Spanish Louisiana & an ally

33. I was considered an American hero and one of Washington’s trusted generals at the beginning of the war; I then became a traitor to my country for joining the British   34. I was a Prussian soldier who spend the winter at Valley Forge helping to train the Continental Army. 35. I led volunteers on a raid against the British in the Ohio Valley; I was able to capture forts at Kaskaskia and Cahokia as well as Vincennnes 36. I came from France to support the American cause; known as the “drill master.” b. Benedict Arnold d. Von Steuben A. Clark C . Lafayette.

37.Writer and journalist; known as “a soldier of words.”   38.Chosen to command the Continental Army during the Revolution 39.Known as the “Swamp Fox” for my guerilla warfare tactics. 40.Daring privateer who sailed to the coast of Great Britain to attack a British warship in the North Sea. C. Thomas Paine A. Washington B. Francis Marion D. John Paul Jones

43.Washington showed his creativity as a military leader, when on Christmas night in 1776, the Patriots crossed the Delaware to score a victory against the Hessians.   44.____These battles are where it all started with the “Shot Heard Round the World.” 45.____This battle helped to settle Patriot control in the western territories of Illinois, Indiana and Ohio. 46.____This was the first major battle of the war; although it was a loss for the Patriots due to lack of ammunition, the British soldiers earned a new respect for our determination and skill. 47.____This was the last major battle of the war. Washington surprised the British by marching south, using the French to surround Cornwallis and bombarding him until he surrendered. 48.____This American victory over Burgoyne convinced European countries to help us; considered the turning point of the Revolution. C. Trenton B. Lexington & Concord D. Vincennes E. Bunker’s Hill B. Yorktown A. Saratoga

Ch. 7 - Forming a New Nation 7. A government in which citizens rule through elected representatives is called a   8. The division of powers between the national government and the states is a 9. What keeps any one branch of government from gaining too much power? 10. The book of essays explaining and supporting the Constitution was called 11. What were supporters of the new Constitution called? 12. Which statement best describes the reasons given by George Mason (and other anti-federalists) for his opposition to the Constitution? A. Republic B. Federal System A. Checks and Balances D. The Federalist Papers C. Federalists C. No listing of rights / national gov’t overrules states

13. Which of the following statements is TRUE. 14 13. Which of the following statements is TRUE? 14. One major weakness of the Confederation was that it could not deal with 15. The Revolutionary War brought into focus the contradiction between the American battle for liberty and the 16. Constitutional Convention delegates voted for a national government based on the 17. Convention delegates broke the deadlock between large and small states over state representation when they approved the Three-fifths Compromise. 18. Under the new Constitution, the Supreme Court and federal courts hear cases involving all of the following except 19. The national government's first attempt to halt slavery is found in A. The U.S. Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation B. The nation’s finances d. The Practice of Slavery A. Virginia Plan C. The Great Compromise B. Disagreements with foreign countries A. Northwest Ordinance

The United States Constitution's system of _________________________ ensures that no one branch of the federal government can become too powerful. Control and use of the ____________________ River was a major issue between the United States and Spain in the 1780s. When the United States Constitution was complete, three delegates refused to sign it because it did not have a ____________________. Under the United States Constitution, the president and vice president are elected indirectly by a special group called the ____________________. Checks and Balances Mississippi Bill of Rights Electoral College

After hearing about the event known as ____________________, George Washington and other leaders were willing to revise the Articles of Confederation. Under the Confederation, many states avoided a concentration of government power by establishing a ____________________ legislature. The government of the Confederation could not pay its debts because it lacked the power to ____________________ the states or American citizens. Shays’ Rebellion bicameral tax

Identify the Branch of the Gov’t described: Creates the law_____________ Carries out the law _________________ Evaluates the law_____________________ Headed by the Supreme Court ________________ Headed by Congress ___________________ Headed by the President _____________________ LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE JUDICIAL JUDICIAL LEGISLATIVDE EXECUTIVE

Articles of Confederation or the U.S. Constitution ____Established a Confederation Government. ____Established a Federation Government ___ Signed by the delegates in 1787 ___Did not establish an executive branch. ___Required the approval of 13 states. ___Had a bicameral legislature. ___ Created a strong national government ___State governments held all the power ___Created a weak national government ___ The American public was not confident in their government. A C C A A C C A A A

____Could not pay off debts ____States could print their own money ___Required the approval of 9 states ____ Created a court system ___ Could not regulate trade. ____ Could not impose taxes ___ Ratified in by the states in 1781. ___ Organized under three branches. A C C A A A C

Identify the correct term or person: The first ten amendments to the Constitution The division of power between the national and state governments is called The division of power between powers of the national government into three branches is called A two house legislature is called The “Father of the Constitution” is Bill of Rights Federalism Separation of Powers Bicamera; James Madison

The President of the Constitutional Convention was The ability of each branch of government to limit the power of the other 2 branches is called The idea for Separation of Powers came from The idea for representative government came from The idea of Limited Government (limited the power of a ruler) came from WASHINGTON Checks and Balances Montesqieu English Parliament Magna Carta

The 1st state to ratify the Constitution The 9th state to ratify the Constitution The 13th state to ratify the Constitution With this state’s approval the Constitution officially became our nation’s plan of government Delaware New Hampshire Rhode Island New Hampshire

- work together as one country - fairness and equality under the law Identify the 6 Goals of the U.S. Constitution according to each definition: - work together as one country - fairness and equality under the law - peace within the U.S. - protection from enemies/war -provide for citizens of the U.S. -protects rights and freedoms To form a more perfect UNION Establish JUSTICE Ensure domestic TRANQUILITY Provide for the Common Defense Promote the general WELFARE Secure the Blessings of LIBERTY

– This idea supports government by the PEOPLE. What are the 7 Principles of the Constitution according to each definition: – This idea supports government by the PEOPLE. – Citizens elect representatives to make laws in this form of government. – This system assigns some powers to the national government and other powers to the state government. POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY REPUBLICANISM FEDERALISM

– Gives each branch of government some ability to limit the actions of the other two branches. – This idea keeps the government from abusing power. – These are protected by the Bill of Rights. – This idea was the basis for dividing the government into three branches CHECKS AND BALANCES LIMITED GOVERNMENT INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS

Federalism Vocabulary: _____________ – powers retained to the states _____________ – powers not specifically mentioned in the Constitution _____________ – powers shared by the states and the federal government _____________ – powers belonging only to the national (federal) government _____________ – the sharing of power between federal and state governments RESERVED IMPLIED CONCURRENT ENUMERATED FEDERALISM

Identify each as Enumerated, Reserved, or Concurrent or DENIED _______________________power to discontinue the manufacture and circulation of pennies _______________________power to raise taxes _______________________power to establish a new township or city due to increased population _______________________power to try persons accused of crimes _______________________power to pass a law requiring year-round schooling for grades K-12 _______________________power to make and approve treaties with other countries _______________________power to eliminate all trade with China ENUMERATED CONCURRENT RESERVED CONCURRENT RESERVED ENUMERATED ENUMERATED

_______________________power to create laws _______________________power to require a Driver’s Ed Course for anyone 16 – 21 _______________________power to create laws _______________________power to declare war _______________________power to Knight the members of One Direction _______________________power to determine voter qualifications and set voting locations RESERVED CONCURRENT ENUMERATED DENIED RESERVED

Executive, Legislative, or Judicial? Enforces laws - ___________________ Creates laws - ____________________ Interprets laws - ___________________ Headed by Congress (House and Senate) __________________________ Headed by the Supreme Court ______________________ Headed by the President ____________________________ EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE JUDICIAL LEGISLATIVE JUDICIAL EXECUTIVE

Can negotiate treaties Can grant pardons (get out of jail card) Can disapprove a proposed treaty Settles disagreements between the states Can appropriate money (decide how to spend $ from taxes) Decides if a citizen’s rights have been violated Can declare a law unconstitutional Can declare war Command the military EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE JUDICAL LEGISLATIVE JUDICIAL JUDICIAL LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE

Which Amendment is being described: Guarantees freedoms of speech, press, petition, assembly, and religion _________________ Right to a speedy trial by jury _________________________ Protects against unreasonable searches and seizure __________________________ Powers reserved to the people ___________________________ States that ALL citizens have the same rights & equal protection under the law __________________ FIRST – 1ST SIXTH – 6TH FOURTH – 4TH NINTH – 9TH FOURTEENTH – 14TH

18 year-olds gain the right to vote_____________ the right to bear arms (own guns ____________ Protects against excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment _______________________ African Americans gain the right to vote ________________________ Protection against the quartering (housing) of soldiers _________________________ TWENTY-SIXTH – 26TH SECOND – 2ND EIGHTH – 8TH FIFTEENTH – 15TH THIRD – 3RD

Women gain the right to vote______________ Rights of the accused (due process of law, right to remain silent, etc) ________________ Powers reserved to the states _____________ Right to a jury trial in civil cases ____________ Abolition of Slavery ____________________ NINTEENTH – 19TH FIFTH – 5TH TEN – 10TH SEVENTH – 7TH THIRTEENTH – 13TH