Neurobiology and Behaviour Standard Level. WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

BIOLOGY Topic Option E.

Advertisements

Core (for SL & HL) : E1 – Stimulus and response; E2 – Perception of stimuli; E3 – Innate and learned behaviour & E4 – Neurotransmitters and synapses Additional.

E2.1 Humans can detect taste and smell via chemorecptors in the taste buds of the tongue and the nerve endings in the nose. We have vision because of photoreceptors.

E2 – Perception of stimuli

Biology Journal 3/17/2014 Suppose that you are driving on the freeway and notice that the car in front of you has stopped. You react by slamming on the.

Senses and Perception Lab 17.

Chapter 31 The Nervous System

Perception of Stimuli Stephen Taylor.

Community College of Rhode Island accessed Stimulus and Response Stimulus.

The Retina WALT That the retina contains millions of light sensitive cells That there are two types of light sensitive cell How an action potential is.

Function of the Nervous System To conduct electrical impulses that allow cells, tissues and organs to detect and respond to stimuli. #1.

Chapter 29- The Senses Accommodation Aqueous humor Astigmatism Auditory canal Basilar membrane Blind spot Chemoreceptors Choroid Cochlea Compound eye Cones.

Additional Nervous System Notes Important neurotransmitters – “classical” neurotransmitters that have been recognized for many years: 1. Acetylcholine.

Biology Journal 3/25/2014 Hair cells are the receptors inside of the cochlea that are stimulated by vibrations in the liquid in the cochlea. A person may.

Option E.4 Neurotransmitters & Synapses

E4 Neurotransmitters and synapses

9.5: Sensory Information (Vision) Pages

THE SENSES. SENSORY INPUTS BECOME SENSATIONS AND PERCEPTIONS IN THE BRAIN – SENSATION AN AWARENESS OF SENSORY STIMULI – PERCEPTION A MEANINGFUL INTERPRETATION.

Ch 31 Sensation & Perception Ch. 3: Vision © Takashi Yamauchi (Dept. of Psychology, Texas A&M University) Main topics –convergence –Inhibition, lateral.

Pain reception pain receptors are located in the skin and other organs –consist of free nerve endings which perceive mechanical, thermal or chemical stimuli.

RECEPTORS IN ANIMALS RICHARD LLOPIS GARCIA Adapted by MH A2 BIOLOGY.

A.P. Biology Sense Organs.

PERCEPTION OF STIMULI. Sensory Receptors & diversity of Stimuli Sensory receptors for pleasure Sensory receptors elicit emotion Sensory receptors elicit.

The Retina Retina is a delicate tissue composed of two layers Sensory layer contains photoreceptors (rods and cones) that sense light Sensory layer consists.

The Senses (3) Anatomy and Physiology. The Senses  The body contains millions of neurons that react directly to stimuli from the environment, including.

SL-HL E1:Stimulus and response Stimuli: A stimulus is a change in the environment (internal or external) that is detected by a receptor, and elicits a.

Sensory Processes First Hour - How does perception depend on

Option E: Neurobiology and Behavior. E.2.1 Outline the diversity of stimuli that can be detected by human sensory receptors, including mechanoreceptors,

The Senses Chapter 35.4.

Option E2 Perception of Stimuli. Assessment Statements E.2.1 Outline the diversity of stimuli that can be detected by human sensory receptors. E.2.2 Label.

Synapse: Is a junction where a axon interacts with another neuron Presynaptic Terminal: End of the axon Postsynaptic Membrane: Membrane of the dendrite.

E.2.1. Outline the diversity of stimuli that can be detected by human sensory receptors. Receptors detected the changes in both internal and external.

Option E Neurobiology and Behavior IB Biology SL.

Perception of stimuli Option A.3. Receptors detect changes in the environment. List and describe the types of specialized receptors in humans. a. Mechanoreceptors-

Sensory Systems. Nerve cells identify particular stimuli, depending on their type. Neurons carry signal to brain where it is decoded. The brain uses information.

Nervous System Chapter 31.

Student : Chen–Fung Tsen Advisor : Sheng-Lung Huang.

By Noushin Tabassum.  Innate behavior is inherited from parents and so develops independently of the environment.

The Nervous System  The nervous system controls our bodies and helps us respond to external stimuli.  The nervous system works by sending electrical.

Topic A.3 – Perception of stimuli. Receptors detect changes in the environment. Each organ in your body has some amount of receptors, but sensory organs.

Assessment StatementsObj. E1.1 Define the terms stimulus, response and reflex. 1 E1.2 Explain the role of receptors, sensory neurons, relay neurons, motor.

Nicotine – stimulates receptors that usually respond to acetylcholine, causing adrenaline to increase in the sympathetic nervous system, which elevates.

Windows to the brain.

Topic A.3 Perception of Stimuli

A.3 Perception of Stimuli

Wednesday, 19 September Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments Eye Receptors • identify the pigments.

A.3 Perception of Stimuli

Some Most All Role of receptors WAL:

Nervous system.

Title: The nervous system 1

E2 Perception of Stimuli

NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Perception of Stimuli.

Senses System Douglas Todey.

Topic A.3 Perception of Stimuli

A.5 Neuropharmacology.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

The Sensory System.

Option E: Neurobiology and Behavior

A.3 Perception of Stimuli

Option E: Neurobiology and Behavior

E.3.1 Distinguish between innate and learned behavior.

Presentation transcript:

Neurobiology and Behaviour Standard Level

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

Stimulus and Response Define the terms stimulus, response and reflex in the context of animal behaviour. Explain the role of receptors, sensory neurons, relay neurons, motor neurons, synapses and effectors in the response of animals to stimuli. Draw and label a diagram of a reflex arc for a pain withdrawal reflex, including the spinal cord and its spinal nerves, the receptor cell, sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron and effector. Explain how animal responses can be affected by natural selection, using two examples.

Perception of Stimuli Outline the diversity of stimuli that can be detected by human sensory receptors, including mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors, thermoreceptors and photoreceptors. Label a diagram of the structure of the human eye. Annotate a diagram of the retina to show the cell types and the direction in which light moves. Compare rod and cone cells. Explain the processing of visual stimuli, including edge enhancement and contralateral processing. Label a diagram of the ear. Explain how sound is perceived by the ear, including the roles of the eardrum, bones of the middle ear, oval and round windows, and the hair cells of the cochlea.

Innate and Learned Behaviour Distinguish between innate and learned behaviour Design experiments to investigate innate behaviour in invertebrates, including either a taxis or a kinesis. Analyse data from invertebrate behaviour experiments in terms of the effect on chances of survival and reproduction. Discuss how the process of learning can improve the chance of survival. Outline Pavlov’s experiments into conditioning of dogs. Outline the role of inheritance and learning in the development of birdsong in young birds.

Neurotransmitters and Synapses State that some presynaptic neurons excite postsynaptic transmission and others inhibit postsynaptic transmission. Explain how decision-making in the CNS can result from the interaction between the activities of excitatory and inhibitory presynaptic neurons at synapses. Explain how psychoactive drugs affect the brain and personality by either increasing or decreasing postsynaptic transmission. List three examples of excitatory and three examples of inhibitory psychoactive drugs. Explain the effects of THC and cocaine in terms of their action at synapses in the brain. Discuss the causes of addiction, including genetic predisposition, social factors and dopamine secretion

ONE AREA IN MORE DETAIL

Pavlov’s Dog By inserting a tube into the mouth of the dogs, Pavlov was able to collect their saliva He then gave a stimuli and measure the volume of saliva secreted by the dog Saliva was secreted at the sight or smell of food in an unconditioned stimuli (food) and an unconditioned response (saliva) After a while the dogs would secrete saliva before the they received the unconditioned stimulus. The dogs could learn to use a variety of signals such as the ringing of a bell. These are conditioned stimuli and the secretion of saliva these stimuli elicit is the conditioned response

QUESTIONS

Which is an Inhibitory Psychoactive Drug? Nicotine Cocaine Alcohol Amphetamines

Sorry, Wrong Answer Click Here to Return

Correct Answer Click Here to Continue to Next Question

How Do Cone Cells Allow Us To See Coloured Light? Individual cell connected to one neuron Three cells connected to one neuron High Sensitivity to light They don’t

Sorry, Wrong Answer Click Here to Return

Correct Click Here to Continue

The Eye III AIrisRetina BCorneaRetina CLensOptic Nerve DScleraRetina I II What are the structures labelled I and II? ABCDABCD les/Media_big/CDR jpg

Sorry, Wrong Answer Click Here to Return

Correct Click Here to Continue

Which structure is responsible for passing messages directly to effector organs? ABCDABCD

Sorry, Wrong Answer Click Here to Return

Correct Click Here to Continue

Paper 2 Question Compare rod and cone cells in terms of their structure and functions.

Markscheme distinguish dim / low intensity light versus bright / high intensity light; night vision versus day vision; evenly distributed versus concentrated in one zone / fovea centralis; sensitive to all wavelengths versus sensitive to three wavelengths / trichromatic theory; one type of pigment versus three types of pigment; rhodopsin versus iodopsin; impulses from group of cells to single neuron / optic nerve versus single cell to single neuron / optic nerve / synaptic convergence / retinal convergence; poor visual acuity versus good visual acuity; rod like shape versus cone like shape;