THE MARKET REVOLUTION 1790-1830

THE RISE OF A MARKET ECONOMY DUE TO CHANGES IN TRANSPORTATION A NEW ECONOMIC SYSTEM WILL DEVELOP FARM INCOME INCREASED BECAUSE TRANSPORTATION COSTS DECLINED 1800-1815 HOMES CONSUMED MOST OF WHAT THEY GREW 1820’S BEGIN TO SEE FARM FAMILIES PRODUCE SOME GOODS FOR MARKET MORE SETTLEMENT OUT WEST AS A RESULT OF TRANSPORTATION 1800-40 AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT INCREASED ANNUALLY ABOUT 3% BETTER TECHNOLOGY, IRON TOOLS, LED TO IMPROVED YIELDS IMPROVED VARIETIES OF CROPS & LIVESTOCK AVAILABILITY OF GOOD LAND

WESTWARD EXPANSION – GO WEST YOUNG MAN 1790 WEST WAS EAST OF APPALACHIANS 1840 1/3 US POPULATION LIVED BETWEEN APPALACHIANS & MISS- ISSIPPI RIVER MOVE AS FAMILIES, CREATE OWN CULTURE, LIFE HARD INITIALLY SEE EAST AS CORRUPT & WEST AS HONEST & DEMOCRATIC VERMONTVILLE, MI- INCREASED POWER OF FED GOV’T, RUTHLESS INDIAN REMOVAL, INCREASE IN AG PRICES POST 1812 NEW STATES OUT OF LA PURCHASE

THE DOMESTIC SYSTEM TO TRACE THE CHANGES FROM HOUSEHOLD MANUFACTURING TO FACTORIES BY LOOKING AT CIRCUMSTANCES THAT FORCED TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE 1800-1815 MANUFACTURING AT HOME FOR PERSONAL CONSUMPTION IMPROVED TRANSPORT INCREASED FARM INCOME & STIMULATED COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE DOMESTIC SYSTEM CREATED CHANGE IN DISTRIBUTION WORK DURING OFF SEASON 1800-1840 AG OUTPUT INCREASED ANNUALLY ABOUT 3%

TEXTILES AND THE FIRST FACTORIES GREAT BRITAIN “WORKSHOP OF THE WORLD” SIMPLE FACTORIES: PAWTUCKET, RI 1790, SAMUEL SLATER, SPUN COTTON INTO THREAD F.C. LOWELL & BOSTON ASSOCIATES 1813 - CREATE WALTHAM SYSTEM COMBINE OPERATION, PRODUCTION & MANAGEMENT IN CENTRAL LOCATION THREAD INTO COTTON CLOTH

THE WALTHAM SYSTEM & LOWELL MILL GIRLS SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND FIRST U.S. MAJOR MANUFACTURING CENTER FACTORIES RUN ON WATER POWER MID 1820’S – LOWELL GIRLS WORK IN FACTORIES COMPARED TO EUROPE CONDITIONS RELATIVELY GOOD INITIALLY AS VORACIOUS APPETITE FOR COTTON CLOTHING SKYROCKETS DEMANDS FOR PRODUCTION INCREASE, SO DOES PRESSURE TO PERFORM & CONDITIONS DETERIORATE STRIKES 1834 & 1836

KING COTTON MOST IMPORTANT INDIRECT EFFECT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION OCCURRED IN THE SOUTH INDUSTRY, TRANSPORTATION & IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL YIELDS LED TO SPECIALIZATION OF CROPS – COTTON EXCHANGE NETWORK ENCOURAGED REGIONAL CONCENTRATION & DEVELOPMENT OF CREDIT & GROWTH OF BANKS (MORE LATER) DEMAND FOR COTTON ASTRONOMICAL COTTON GIN 1793 SOLIDIFIES SLAVERY IN THE SOUTH 1820 ½ COTTON FROM ALA & MISS

BLACK BELTS – SLAVERY MOVES WEST ALABAMA FEVER 1830 $50/ACRE; 2/3 AMERICAN EXPORTS – COTTON COTTON STIMULATES REST OF ECONOMY NORTH CONTROLS COTTON ONCE IT LEAVES PLANTATION & SOUTH RESENTS THENORTH – TENSION MISSOURI COMPROMISE, PROPERTY RIGHTS, VIRGINIA SELLS 6K 1832 SLAVE PRICES DOUBLE, INTERSTATE SLAVE TRADE FLOURISHES