Warm-Up ■ Write down the lesson name and the date. ■ Write a paragraph or draw pictures about 3 different ways early humans adapted to their environment.

What is the geography of Africa? How might this geography impact Africans?

Geography of Africa Africa’s geography was very diverse & Africans were lived differently based on where they lived

Geography of Africa The Sahara is the world’s largest desert & acted as a barrier to separate North Africa from sub-Saharan Africa

West Africa ■ West Africa was were shaped by the trans-Saharan trade network: – West Africans had large deposits of gold, but lacked salt – The gold-salt trade connected North & West Africa

West Africa ■ The gold-salt trade increased cultural diffusion with Muslim merchants: – Islam was introduced in West Africa & slowed gained converts – Many Africans blended Islam with animism or never converted

West Africa ■ The gold-salt trade led to wealth & empires in West Africa – By 800, Ghana became an empire by taxing merchants, building a large army, & conquering surrounding people – Ghana kings served as religious leaders, judges, & generals

Conclusions ■ African societies were transformed by two powerful forces: – Trade with outsiders – Introduction of Islam

Stations Activity ■ 3 different stations ■ Your answers will be completed on the fill-in sheet ■ DO NOT write on the station sheets that are passed around ■ Answer the questions, fill in the map, or fill in the blanks for each station ■ These will serve as your notes…

Class Discussion Questions ■ How did the geography of Africa impact the development of trading empires? ■ How did the people of these trading empires adapt and modify to their environment?

Message About Climate Change activity ■ We will read the activity and all the directions as a class. ■ Complete the activity in groups of 2. ■ Use the resources on the black table to help you come up with ideas. ■ BE CREATIVE!!! ■ This will be due NEXT MONDAY, 11/4.