Implementation of NAPA and other adaptation project World Bank

Upscaling country support to address Climate Variability and Change Broad realization that climate change presents a unique and unprecedented challenge that threatens to undermine the last century’s gains in economic growth and poverty alleviation … Poverty Alleviation is core of the Bank’s work … Climate change is a Development Issue & threaten achievements of the MDGs

Economies often highly dependent on climate sensitive sectors (Example of Ethiopia; Source: Ethiopia: Managing Water Resources to Maximize Sustainable Growth. Country Water Resources Assistance Strategy, 2006.)

What is the Bank doing - Clean Energy for Development Investment Framework and WB Group Action Plan 3 Pillars of the Investment Framework: 1. Energy for growth and access to energy How can the energy needs of developing countries be met over the long term and in an equitable and sustainable manner? 2. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions What additional steps are needed in the energy, transport and industrial sectors to address climate change mitigation? 3. Adaptation to climate change How can developing countries adequately adapt to changes in climate and weather variability?

Up-scaling adaptation …  Increased support to address: Adaptation deficits Decrease vulnerability and increase resilience This includes increasing  Analytical work and advisory services  Awareness raising on economic impacts of climate change on LDCs  Mainstreaming of climate adaptation in CASs  Financial resources to support adaptation and mitigation; and disaster preparedness – e.g. piloting insurance options  Staff resources  ….

How to use NAPAs collectively to best advantage Aids to stimulate increased international support for adaptation needs at different levels  national and sectoral development plans and  to address local impact of climate change (e.g. changes in sea level rise, extreme weather events, rainfall patterns, etc.) NAPA process aids in mainstreaming interventions in development programs so that development investments will have a better chance to achieve desired goals Inform the CAS and priority setting process in the WB for up-scaling efforts to address climate variability and change

Status of PIFs & NAPA follow up …. Where the Bank has been the lead agency in preparation: Draft PIF for Madagascar – to support specific priorities identified in the NAPA Sao Tome & Principe – in preparation; expect to come forward this quarter … beyond that and where NAPA has not been lead and/or submitted PIF so far…: Bank is important partner for countries in climate adaptation and implementation of specific NAPA priorities …link with larger sector projects and programs

Adaptation & WB portfolio.. some observations  Increased demand from countries E.g. Madagascar (GEF co-financed): mainstream climate risk management more effectively into economic planning..e.g. developing regional projections of climate change, rice-agro-climatic modeling, and setting norms and standards for cyclone proofing… NAPAs are one way to highlight country priorities and define country support strategies  Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery – aids in integrating disaster risk in country dialogue strategies; e.g. TA support to integrate disaster risk into country development strategies, common country risk assessments  Piloting Climate Risk Insurance schemes – in progress

Continued …  Need to expand available financial instruments essential for scaling-up (GEF; recent UNFCC Adaptation Fund; Carbon Finance; IDA replenishment …; other development of innovative financing mechanisms in collaboration with others )  Increasing collaboration on adaptation with other MDBs and donors – coordinated approaches to address adaptation needs (e.g. through GFDRR – tool to assist climate and non- climate related risk assessment to be used and shared as a tool UN, IFIs, and donors)

Some consideration related to NAPA implementation … Dissemination of NAPAs and NAPA priorities- should more be done? How to increase awareness of NAPAs within countries and across agencies? Alignment and inclusion of addressing climate change/adaptation in overall development plans and larger sector programs – e.g. Usually reference to PRSPs in NAPA, but how well aligned w ~; how well is adaptation considered in PRSP? Same with other sector strategies. How to improve ? Strategic programming of LCDF funds … Observations in some of current PIFs and looking forward... Comparative advantage of agencies to support PIF implementation - Implementation PIFs so far mostly single agency (in terms of IAs) and mostly the one that also was involved in preparation of NAPA - whereas based on needs the comparative strengths and engagements of range of agencies should be built on. >> How can this be changed? Countries well advised to take time to evaluate options. Other options that may work in specific cases: e.g. for larger programmatic approaches various good examples of co-implementation in other GEF projects e.g. in the Nile Basin … >> Countries and agencies to collectively improve strategic use of resources in supporting specific NAPA priorities.

Additional slides – capacity building …  Internal (learning pilots) and External clients

What is the Bank doing - Clean Energy for Development Investment Framework and WB Group Action Plan 3 Pillars of the Investment Framework: 1. Energy for growth and access to energy How can the energy needs of developing countries be met over the long term and in an equitable and sustainable manner? 2. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions What additional steps are needed in the energy, transport and industrial sectors to address climate change mitigation? 3. Adaptation to climate change How can developing countries adequately adapt to changes in climate and weather variability?

Pillar 3: Adaptation to Climate Risk and Change Country Pilots  Focus on Africa but include examples from other regions  To explore approaches to “climate proofing” development projects through a series of comparable active, development projects  What are the information needs, institutional impediments and opportunities, effective policies and measures, and financial instruments? Knowledge Management  State of Knowledge: Adaptation and Development: Within MDB and wider development community  Portfolio risk and response  Adequacy of strategies, planning procedures and safeguards  Capacity building & maintenance Focus on delivery to projects AAA  Screening for climate risk Provide a simple screening tool and core climate information  Cross Sectoral Analysis Adapting existing physical capital in agriculture – water nexus  Financial frameworks Methods for estimating the financial needs of achieving adequate adaptation Both public and private sector Impact on development investment  Guidance products (webbased-tools) for TTLs and client counterparts on “how to” mainstream adaptation across the portfolio

 Country Assistance Strategies – increased systematic assessment of vulnerability and range of programs to address it (FY07: 32 %; up form FY06: 25 %; FY00-05: 15 %)  Examples of Analytical work – better understanding.. Potential impacts of glacial melt Potential Impacts on the Amazon Forest Adaptation strategies in rural India China – country wide assessment Nepal: Study on Adaptation to Climate Variability and Change Kenya, Tanzania and Ethiopia – AAA on Managing Environmental Risks in Sub- saharan Africa (Risks related to development; support in risk identification and prioritization of mitigation measures) Global (focus on SSA): Adaptation to Climate Change for Agriculture and its Supporting Natural Resources Systems Africa Region: Regional Climate, Water, and Agriculture: Impacts and Adaptation of Agro-ecological Systems in Africa WDR 08 – e.g. agriculture & rural development has much untapped potential to reduce GHG emissions e.g. through changes in land use and agricultural practices Climate Change screening tool to evaluate potential vulnerability to Climate Change Support to NAPA process – client driven process that adds to this for LDC countries Advancing mainstreaming of vulnerability and climate risk management through a range of instruments… (examples)

Capacity Building and Maintenance While aiming to increase climate risk assessment & screening tool …  Focus on identifying capacity needs and delivering support directly relevant to a project  Capacity maintenance in-country an essential component  Modular approach to training materials & tools to maximize sharing; as well as strengthening institutions and policy frameworks

Comprehensive approaches are needed – addressing root causes Examples from Sustainable Land Management  Enhance farmer-participatory approach for crop breeding  Strengthen agricultural extension and outreach  Improve quality & strengthen avenues for dissemination of seasonal climate forecasts (and other info dissemination, such as disaster preparedness)  Expand crop insurance programs  Support efforts for non-agricultural income diversification  Promote land tenure security, and legal code reform for resource ownership and water rights  Improve market access and develop markets for secondary agricultural products, such as agro-forestry products and new crops  Improve knowledge management related to local and indigenous knowledge, link between coping and adaptation, and incentives/disincentives for stakeholder investment in soil and water conservation technologies  …