Planning and Implementation of Sustainable Sanitation in Peri/Semi-Urban Settings A Need for Development of Existing Tools?

About CREPA and advocacy works Regional Centre for low cost Water Supply and Sanitation

Ecosan_EU project facing urban realities Planning for Ecological Sanitation program for low income countries : Ouagadougou project Dr Amah KLUTSE

CREPA Guinée Conakry Bénin Mali Burundi Mauritanie Burkina Faso Niger Guinée Bissau Guinée Conakry Rwanda Mali Mauritanie Togo Tchad Sénégal Niger Bénin Burundi Burkina Faso Cameroun Centrafrique Côte d’Ivoire Gabon Congo

CREPA ECOSAN Program mostly in rural municipalities/villages

ECOSAN in urban setting = big challenge

Ecosan Project in peri-urban and urban area Establish an effective chain for collection, transport, treatment and reuse

First big urban ECOSAN project in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 4 sectors targeted

Ecosan EU project : Joint initiative for urban area Target groups: Households, Farmers, Artisans, Associations, private sectors, in 4 areas in Ouagadougou (sector 17, 19, 27, 30) Partenaires techniques: CREPA, GTZ, ONEA. Involvement of the municipalities in the implementation phase. Duration: 3 years (2006 – 2009) Co-financed by: EU, CREPA and GTZ Budget: 1.497.120 euros

Objectives and main activities Ecosan_UE project Objectives and main activities 300 000 people understand ECOSAN Provide toilets facilities to the households and some public sites (1000 toilets); Put in place appropriate system that allows excreta collection /transport and safe reuse Support and promote the involvement of the local private sector in furnishing the infrastructure and if necessary the logistic services required by the system. Carry out awareness and lobby work to create an enabling environment for ecological sanitation and to ensure its inclusion in legislation ;

The project in action What so far?… Challenges Provide toilets facilities to the households; Put in place appropriate system that allows excreta collection /transport and safe reuse How to ensure that we are doing sustainable sanitation… not only to provide toilets but a whole sanitation system that ends up with the reuse… System which respond to the priorities and the need of the target group… Challenges

The project in action What so far?… Challenges How to involve local communities to take over the services provision: authorities are busy to do politic? Which PPP options are adequate to better involve local private sector? How to create business in sanitation? Challenges Support and promote the involvement of the local private sector in furnishing the infrastructure and if necessary the logistic services required by the system.

The project in action What so far?… Challenges Carry out awareness and lobby work to create an enabling environment for ecological sanitation and to ensure its inclusion in legislation ; How to make people (authorities and population) know what we are talking about? How to bring them to our school, in our world? How to involve them in discussion about this forgotten sanitation issue? How to help politician making right decisions about the issue? Challenges

The project in action The process …

Implementation approach Projet ecosan_UE Implementation approach Involve targets groups and authorities … HCES approach

Coordination du Projet Actions de mise en œuvre du projet. Compte Rendu Equipe de Projet CREPA / GTZ / ONEA Coordination du Projet Bailleur de fonds Compte rendu Commission Européenne Membres DG CREPA Représentant GTZ DG ONEA Mairie ville de Ouagadougou AMBF DG de l’Urbanisme DG des Services d’Hygiène DG de l’Agriculture D. Assainissement et Prévention des pollution et nuisances. DGAEP DG de la Production Végétale DGRE/DAEPA Résultats du projet Grandes orientations/ Prise en compte des résultats du projet dans les stratégies nationales. Comité de pilotage Actions du projet Comité d’Orientation Comités Directeurs (CD) Feedback Actions d’accompagnement suivi et alliances d’apprentissage. CD1 R1 CD2 R2 CD3 R3 CD4 R4 Maries d’arrondissements Repésentants des associations Services déconcentrés au niveau local Pouvoirs locaux Hommes relais (R) Maries d’arrondiss. Collaboration Mise en œuvre des Actions Bénéficiaires des actions (Ménages, Maraîchers, Artisans, PME) Collaboration dans la mise œuvre des actions Associations/Groupements des Femmes, Maraîchers, Artisans, PME,… Appui à la mise en œuvre des actions Interaction et feedback Influence de la population

The project in action Components of local project teams…

First year: preparatory activities Contact with local authorities and administrative in charge of sanitation ( individual meetings or at community level,) Information to the population , demand formulation (presentation of the project, the process, and expectations) Dialogue meeting (with decision makers, etc)

First year: preparatory activities Baseline study (+ validation in sectors) Strategic ECOSAN plan for the four sectors (+ validation in sector) Criteria for choice of the beneficiaries and conditions to have acces to facilities

The project in action Train the local star to reach the targets groups Identify local star (singers, awareness raising actors,…) and train them to convey the messages to the population and project target groups…

The project in action Public awareness putting local authorities in front.. Use the local formal ways of communication to inform the population about the sanitation problems and about the project approach and its planning processes …

The project in action Informing authorities and attributing them roles… Meetings with relevant authorities at their offices and at the municipal council, were the successful to convince them about the new sanitation approach and the project planning processes…

The project in action Developing capacities – empowering actors…

The project in action Organize an official launchevent for strong commitment Strong speeches from authorities at the Top can ensure the targets groups at the Bottom.

The project in action Bringing authorities and targets groups together for dialogue project piloting committee...

The project in action Collect reliable base line data for sustainable actions…

The project in action Validation and identification of priorities…

The project in action Participatory ECOSAN strategic plan development…

Second year: implement the system

Construction of infrastructures Capacity building of stakeholders Mobilization of beneficiaries contribution Construction and quality assurance

Training of local masons Etats des lieux des activités

Etats des lieux des activités

Demand for infrastructures Motivation: Permanent Cheaper (200-400 $ compared to 400-600 $ for VIP/pour flush promoted by ONEA) Less problems during rainy period with pits filling up For urban farmers, also reuse appeals Problem: POOR people very little money (especially with price-hikes)

Double vault toilet (cement bricks or adobe for superstructure)

Single vault toilet inside house or in garden

Cheaper model 1: Double vault toilet (all in adobe bricks)

Cheaper model 2: Single vault toilet adobe superstructure

Single vault toilet Storage of faeces bag on site

Capacity building of private enterprises training of local contractor to construct the public Ecosan toilets and the site of sanitatization Séance des présentations Visite guidée

The project in action Inauguration of 1st ecosan toilets in Ouagadougou...

Now around 350 household toilets (since december 2007) Public toilets (loop closed on site): Demo-toilets in the garden of the three city halls Toilets in Ouaga prison Toiltes in Ouaga forest reserve Toilets in one school/sector under way

The project in action Collection/treatment/delivery…

The project in action High decentralization of the services provision to allow local private sector promotion…

The project in action Targets groups choices/ which materials…

Training of farmers and vegetable sellers

MACO, Kit de matériel agricole remis Support and capacity building to farmers MACO, Kit de matériel agricole remis

Participative assessment : case of courgette in sector 17 :

Participatory assessment : case of “choux” and onion in sector 19

Participatory assessment : case of tomato and cucumber in sector 30

Participatory assessment : case of melon in sector 30

Compaoré L. Frédéric, sector 30

Planning in the project Many stakeholders from different institutions involved…. First year: Translate the project document to concrete activities - project coordinator planned and brought together multi skilled teams for each activity to be carried out (retreats important to plan baseline study and then strategic plan) Second year: Participative planning (1 week retreat) with all stakeholders and formation of 7 task-teams

Planning in the project Teams second year Social aspects/interactions with households Technical Private sector/CBO Agro Risk Communication Institution/coordination

Planning confronts reality… Price hike… Project parallell wih ONEA on-site program (confrontation between different facilitators) Dealing with hidden interests of local authorities…

Some hot points to deal with year three…. Partnership between municipality and the private sector… Economic sustainability of the collection/treatment system? Continuous sensitization … but who will support the cost after the project? Institutional set-up for sustainability Role of the politicians (municipalities leaders, team leaders, etc, ….. Legal framework Subsidies issues/integration of ECOSAN into ONEA’s sanitation program

Thanks for your attention