Science and the Scientific Method Mr. Hussain 9-6-19

Warm-Up (Do-Now) (5 minutes) In your table of contents, enter the following as your next entry: “What is Science?” Warm-Up (make sure to include the page number this entry can be found) Flip to the respective page number, title the page, “Warm-Up” and answer the following questions in a few sentences: What is science? What is science not? What makes something scientific? What makes something unscientific? (I will be walking around at this time to check your Rube Goldberg Reflections, in sha Allah)

Think-Pair-Share (5 minutes) Discuss the warm-up with the person next to you. Note what you agree upon and what you disagree upon underneath your answer to the warm-up. Organizational Tip: use a venn diagram

Class Discussion!

Brain Break!

The Essence of Science In your table of contents, enter the following as your next entry: “The Essence of Science” (make sure to include the page number this entry can be found) Flip to the respective page number and title the page, “The Essence of Science”

The Essence of Science: Karl Popper’s Falsification https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wf-sGqBsWv4 Science is all about ________________, not confirmation Falsification – the process of proving something to be ________. A theory or idea shouldn’t be described as scientific unless it could, in principle, be proven ________ using any combination of the five senses.

Science as an Epistemology Epistemology: the study of the nature of knowledge Science is one way of “knowing” Other ways of knowing: Scripture Hadith Mathematics Some ways of “knowing” are “greater” than others

Examples of Scientific “Things”

Examples of Unscientific Things

Science and Religion In reality, there is NEVER any contradiction between science and religion When there is a “seeming” contradiction, one of two cases must exist: Our understanding of science is inaccurate/incomplete/false, OR Our understanding of religion is inaccurate/incomplete/false. In either case, we need to be aware of our ignorance (lack of expertise) …especially with the second case

Warm-Up (Do Now) In your table of contents, enter the following as your next entry: “The Mystery Tube” (make sure to include the page number this entry can be found) Flip to the respective page number and title the page, “The Mystery Tube”

The Mystery Tube!

The Scientific Method “Discovered” by __________________. Troubled by reliance on fanciful guessing and appeal to authority The _________________ is much different from the modern-day scientific method. Common steps of the scientific method: Observation Question/Hypothesis Test/Data Collection Qualitative Data Quantitative Data Data Analysis Conclusion …however…

The Scientific Method Cont. …the scientific method does not “exist. There is no single, universal scientific method Still, we have a working understanding of what it should generally look like That said, some experiments are designed “better” than others

Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data Qualitative Data: data which describes “qualities” or characteristics; non-numerical data Examples: Quantitative Data: measures of values or counts; numerical data Examples:

The Mystery Tube Fill in each step of the scientific method based on what occurred during the activity.