Procedures: 8/27/15 TLW – participate in D.I.R.T. TLW – complete Guided Notes on U.S. Imperialism TLW – view clip on the Annexing Hawaii, Open Door Policy, and the Boxer Rebellion TLW – complete America Becomes a World Power Mapping Activity ***Entering the World Stage Quiz 8/31/15, EOC Terms Test 9/1/15, Entering the World Stage test 9/3/15***
ENTERING THE WORLD STAGE CHAPTER 7
Objectives: US.3.1 Analyze the causes of U.S. imperialistic policies and describe both the immediate and long-term consequences upon newly acquired territories US.3.2 Describe the influence of U.S. imperialistic foreign policies upon Latin America and the Pacific region
THE LURE OF IMPERIALISM Imperialist Activity Imperialism the policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories.
THE LURE OF IMPERIALISM 3 reasons for imperialism Economic Interests Nations were looking for new customers and places to invest after the industrial revolution. In the late 1800s industrialized nations such as Great Britain, France and Germany looked to Africa, Asia, and Latin America for new customers, places to invest, and raw materials.
THE LURE OF IMPERIALISM 3 reasons for imperialism Military Expansion Nations began expanding their militaries in the late 1800s. The navy was an area that was expanded by many industrialized nations to protect their shores and trading. These navies needed bases to refuel and make repairs so nations looked for strategic places in foreign nations.
THE LURE OF IMPERIALISM 3 reasons for imperialism Ideology Two popular ideologies contributed to imperialism: Jingoism An extreme sense of nationalism A feeling of cultural superiority
THE LURE OF IMPERIALISM Imperialist Activity Social Darwinism encouraged people in industrialized nations to believe that they were superior to people who lived in less-developed countries.
THE LURE OF IMPERIALISM Imperialist Activity By the late 1800s the US was motivated to claim territories b/c they were eager to find new markets military advantages, and ideology also.
TAKING CONTROL OF HAWAII American expansionist were interested in Hawaii as a potential coaling station and naval base. Sugar interests gain power Sugarcane farmers brought others into Hawaii and soon Americans had taken control. Plotting against the king Bayonet constitution King Kalakaua was forced to give Pearl Harbor to the US by the Hawaiian League at gunpoint.
Kalakaua Liliuokalani
TAKING CONTROL OF HAWAII End of a monarchy When King Kalakaua died his sister Liliuokalani became queen. She wanted to do away with the bayonet constitution. US minister to Hawaii John L. Stevens supported the planters who rebelled against the queen and helped create the Republic of Hawaii. The Queen was forced to surrender her throne. Sanford B. Dole was appointed president.
John L. Stevens Sanford B. Dole
TAKING CONTROL OF HAWAII Annexation President Grover Cleveland investigated the revolt in Hawaii and ruled that the Queen be given back her throne, but Dole refused to step down. It wasn’t until the next president took over that Hawaii was annexed as a territory. William McKinley convinced Congress to approve annexation in 1898. Hawaii became a US territory and eventually a state in 1959, the fiftieth state.
Grover Cleveland William McKinley
INFLUENCE IN CHINA Hawaii was of great interest to the US mainly b/c it was a stopping point on the way to China. Great Britain was the first to force China to open up its ports. Western nations exercised economic and political control of China through spheres of influence. A geographic area where an outside nation exerts special economic or political control.
INFLUENCE IN CHINA The US was too late to secure a sphere of influence in China. Secretary of State John Hay proposed an Open Door Policy in China to oppose the European spheres of influence. Would give equal trading rights in China
John Hay
INFLUENCE IN CHINA Hay sent notes to recommend the Open Door Policy to Great Britain, Germany, Russia, Japan, France and Italy. None agreed but none rejected it either.
INFLUENCE IN CHINA With the increase of foreign countries entering China many native Chinese became anti-foreigner. One of these anti-foreigner groups were the Society of Righteous and Harmonious fists Known to westerners as Boxer’s They were a secret group who opposed foreigners They would attack foreign missionaries and Chinese Christians. In July of 1900 they attacked the capital Beijing, this event is known as the Boxer Rebellion.
INFLUENCE IN CHINA Western countries rushed troops to China to end the rebellion. The Boxer Rebellion increased support of the Open Door Policy by making the western countries realize that they could more effectively exploit China if they stuck together.
INFLUENCE IN JAPAN Until Japan took control of Taiwan in 1895 no one really saw them as an imperialist nation. In 1853 President Millard Fillmore sent Commodore Matthew Perry with a fleet of steamships to Japan. The Japanese were amazed. This was done to show the Japanese the strength of the U.S. navy so that they would open their ports to trade. In 1854 Japan signed a treaty and opened its ports to the U.S.
Commodore Matthew Perry Millard Fillmore Commodore Matthew Perry
INFLUENCE IN JAPAN Japan began to modernize after this and began to build up its’ army. Both Japan and Russia began eyeing the same lands of Korea and Manchuria. This lead to the start of the Russo-Japanese War. The war was hard on both countries Japan asked President Theodore Roosevelt to help negotiate a treaty b/t themselves and Russia. Roosevelt received the Nobel Peace Prize for this
INFLUENCE IN JAPAN Japan emerged as a power after the Russo-Japanese war. Knowing that they were imperialist, the U.S. knew they had to do something to show the Japanese how powerful they were.
INFLUENCE IN JAPAN Roosevelt decided to show Japan and the rest of the world how strong the U.S. military was by sending the Great White Fleet on a round the world journey.(20 ports on 6 continents) This along with Commodore Dewey’s fleet 50 years earlier helped the U.S. to influence Japan.