1. Unit Question How and why does the United States entered the imperialist competition later than the European powers but soon extended its influence in the Pacific region? Section Questions What inspired the imperialist activity of the late 1800s? How did the United States take control of Hawaii? How did the United States gain influence in China? How did the United States exert influence in Japan? The Lure of Imperialism

2. Several industrialized nations competed to gain territory throughout the world. The Industrial Revolution had increased wealth in many nations, causing them to look elsewhere for markets and opportunities for investment. An increase in trade had brought about the rise of large navies to protect trading interests. These navies needed strategically placed bases for refueling and repairs. Ideologies such as Social Darwinism justified European expansion into Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

3. The Imperialist Powers The Imperialists By the late 1800s, industrialized Western nations such as Great Britain, France and Germany looked to Africa, Asia and Latin America for new customers, places to invest and raw materials Ideology Two popular ideologies contributed to imperialism. A sense of Nationalism, or love of one’s country and a feeling of cultural superiority.

4. Taking Control of Hawaii In the late 1800s, American expansionists were interested in Hawaii as a potential coaling station and naval base American missionaries and others came to Hawaii and raised crops, particularly sugarcane. But became power hungry King Kalakaua negotiated a treaty that made Hawaiian sugar cheap to import to the United States. – He was also forced by the Hawaiian League to sign the Bayonet Constitution, giving Pearl Harbor to the United States Sugar planters overthrew Queen Liliuokalani with the help of the U.S. marines. Sugar tycoon Sanford Dole became president of the Republic of Hawaii.

5. The Open Door Policy gives the United States an equal footing in China. European powers gained spheres of influence in China. U.S. Support for the Open Door Policy increased as American leaders thought it was too late to secure a sphere of influence in China U.S. Secretary of State John Hay proposed the Open Door Policy in China in opposition to European spheres of influence. Increased foreign presence in China led to the Boxer Rebellion. Western nations cooperated to quell the rebellion and continue exploitation of Chinese trade.

6. Diplomacy and naval superiority help the U.S. gain influence in Japan. Japan was isolated and unindustrialized until the mid-1800s. Commodore Matthew Perry brought four steamships into Tokyo Bay in 1853 to pressure Japan to open its ports to trade. Japan quickly became an industrial and military power to compete with the West.

7. Critical Thinking and Application Review the information in the text book about how and why the United States decided to annex Hawaii Create a time line showing the steps to annexation, beginning with Cook's visit to the islands in 1778 and ending with annexation Illustrate your time line with visuals that represent each event