Andrew Jackson Crisis in Office

Be able to explain the debate over Nullification and it’s long term implications: Activity: Review words and terms from yesterday’s lecture. Video: Short clip about Andrew Jackson and Nullification Objective:

Crisis in the Presidency Early in his presidency, Jackson faced a national crisis. There was a growing rift between the Northern and Southern States South Carolina was upset with tariffs imposed by the Government, due to a weak economy. Tariff: A tax on imports or exports Crisis in the Presidency

The South, including South Carolina had few industries, so many of their household goods, such as tools and cooking utensils had to be imported, and the tariffs made them every expensive. In 1828, another tariff was passed, which was called a Tariff of Abomination. Many South Carolinians threatened to secede or withdraw from the Union. John C. Calhoun was very upset by this conflict, as he was both the Vice President under Andrew Jackson and also a resident of South Carolina. Rather than support the idea of secession, he put forth the idea of Nullification. Nullification: The idea that states had the right to nullify or declare invalid a federal law, since they had created the Union.

1832, another tariff was passed, but Jackson requested that the law cut tariff’s significantly. This did not satisfy South Carolinians, and they called a special state convention, calling the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 to be unconstitutional. Jackson considered this to be an act of Treason, and sent a warship to Charleston. 1833, Congress passed the Force Bill, authorizing the president to use military force to enforce acts of Congress. Henry Clay pushed through Congress a bill that would lower the nation’s tariffs gradually, until 1842. South Carolina repealed its Nullification and both sides claimed victory.

Objective: Be able to explain why Jackson’s Presidency was different than his predecessors, and what the Spoils System was. Be able to explain the debate over Nullification and it’s long term implications: REVIEW

IN THREE TO FIVE SENTENCES, EXPLAIN NULLIFICATION, WHY IT WAS IMPORTANT, AND WHAT ARE SOME LONG TERM IMPLICATIONS. QUICK WRITE

Jackson had been the person the Government turned to when conflicts between Native Americans and settlers arose. He fought against, and defeated Creek and Seminole people in Georgia, Florida and Alabama In his inaugural address, he declared his intention to move all Native Americans to the Great Plains Many Americans believed the Plains were a wasteland that would never be settled. The belief was if the Native Americans could be removed, the conflict would end Native Americans

1830, Jackson pushed through Congress the Indian Removal Act, which provided money for relocating Native Americans Most tribes gave in and moved west except the Cherokee Nation of Ga. They had adopted a white culture, and hired lawyers, and sued the State of Georgia under the Worcester v. Ga. The case was eventually heard in the Supreme Court in 1832, under Justice John Marshall. He ordered state officials to honor Cherokee property rights. Jackson refused to support the decision and continued to try to force the Cherokee off the lands.

The resistance continued until 1838, under the presidency of Martin Van Buren, Jackson’s successor, who sent the Army in to help resolve the conflict. The Army forced the remaining people out of their homes and marched them to what is now Oklahoma. 2,000 Cherokee died in camps waiting to be migrated, and approx. another 2,000 more died of starvation, disease, and exposure on the journey which became known as the Trail of Tears.

HOMEWORK: Read pg. 270-272 starting with Jackson battles the National Bank and answer these questions to turn in: What was Jackson’s battle with The Second National Bank? What Political Party was established to oppose Jackson’s Democratic Party? Who was Jackson’s successor as President? What was the Panic of 1837? Who won the Presidency of 1840 and why is his presidency unusual?