Ethos, Pathos, and Logos Appeals in Argument.

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Ethos, Pathos, and Logos Appeals in Argument

cartoonist/filmmaker/advertiser want the reader/listener/viewer to Rhetorical Chart The core of the rhetorical chart is purpose—What does the author/speaker cartoonist/filmmaker/advertiser want the reader/listener/viewer to Feel? Think? Do?

Ethos: Ethical Appeals the source's credibility, the speaker's/author's authority How well an author/speaker presents him/herself Questions for considering a writer’s ethos: Does he or she seem knowledgeable? Reasonable? Trustworthy? Does he or she treat their opponents with fairness and respect or do they take cheap shots? Does he or she try and establish common ground with the reader/audience?

Ethos-Credibility Appeals to the conscience, ethics, morals, standards, values, and principles. Author or speaker tries to convince you he is of good character. Qualified to make his claims. Cites relevant authorities. Quotes others accurately and fairly.

Pathos: Emotional Appeals the emotional or motivational appeals; vivid language, emotional language and numerous sensory details. How well the author taps into the audiences emotions Questions for considering a writer’s pathos: Does the topic matter to the audience? Does the writer include anecdotes? Does the writer appeal to your emotions, memories, fears, etc.? Is the emotional appeal effective or overwhelming? Is the writing overloaded with facts and figures?

Pathos-Emotional Appeal Appeals to the heart, Emotions, Sympathy, Passions, Sentimentality, Uses imagery, figurative language, Carefully constructed sentences.

Logos: Logical Appeal the logic used to support a claim; can also be the facts and statistics used to help support the argument. How well the author uses text and evidence to support own argument or claims. Should be well organized. Questions for considering a text’s logos: What is being argued or what is the author’s thesis? What points does the author offer to support their thesis? Are ideas presented logically?

LOGOS-Logical Argument Involves facts or Research Quoted authorities Cause and Effect information Analogies or comparisons Common sense information Shared values Precedents

To Review LOGOS-To persuade by appealing to a person’s logical way of thinking by presenting facts and figures. PATHOS: To persuade by appealing to a person’s emotions or feelings, including anger, sadness, happiness, humor, etc… ETHOS: To persuade by appealing to a person’s sense of rules, principles and credibility. Is the speaker reputable? Can you trust what they say?