Ancient Rome Chapter 11

The founding of Rome Why Italy Central to all of the known world (Europe, Asia, and Africa) Mild Climate Great farmland

Rome’s Beginning Main belief – Romulus and Remus two brothers raised by a female wolf until a Shepard and his wife found the boys and raised them. After the boys were raised they created cities in central Italy. 2nd Belief When Troy fell the Trojan Aeneas and his soldiers escaped to find a new homeland where the king married his daughter off and started Rome.

The Greeks in Italy 750 Bc to 500 Bc Settled in Southern Italy Introduced olives and grapes Built buildings, literature, and art in the Greek form.

Etruscans 650 BC Northern Rome Ruled by the Nobles Wealth came from trade and mining. Taught Romans to build with BRICK AND TILES Influenced Romans in the following areas religion, style of clothing, and army

The building of Rome 509 BC Romans overthrow Tarquin the proud to establish a Republic For the next 200 years Rome fought wars against all neighbors. 267BC Rome controlled almost all of Italy

Roman Military Created Legions to make the military more effective. Each legion had 6000 men Farther divided into groups of 60 to 120 men, These groups could move quickly around the battlefield to wherever they are need. Roman soldiers are extremely well armed (Gladius and Pilum)

Early Years of the republic Every Male who owned land was to serve in the military Rulers built permanent outpost for Roman rule in all areas that were conquered. Believed all people should be treated fairly even conquered cultures.

Allies of Rome Conquered lands had to follow Suppling Men to fight in the Roman Army Pay Roman Taxes However locals were allowed to handle their own affairs and lifestyles.

Social Classes of Rome Patrician Ruling Class of Rome Plebeians Artisans, shopkeepers, owners of small farms Lacked basic rights Could not hold public office Both were Roman Citizens, required to pay taxes . Could not marry between classes

Government of the Republic 3 Branches of Government 1- Made laws 2- ran daily affairs 3. judges The republic had a system of Checks and Balances. Judges helped run the government and could lead the army Head of the government was a 2 Patrician Consul Praetors- interpreted the laws and served as Judge

Government Cont. The Senate 300 Patricians Served for life all MALE The Assembly of Centuries Elected Consul, Praetors passed laws controlling the PATRICIANS

social class conflict Plebeian: Served in the Army Pay taxes HAD NO POWER IN GOV. 494BC Went on strike refusing to fight in the army and left Rome to create a government of their own. Patrician allowed Plebeians to have a representative body called the Council of Plebs Tribunes voiced the Plebeians concerned, could veto the gov. decisions allowed to become consul and marry between classes.