BRITISH IMPERIALISM IN INDIA Date

BRITISH EXPAND CONTROL IN INDIA British East India Company controlled with sepoys Sepoys - Indian soldiers India - “Jewel in the Crown” most valuable of all colonies Colonial policies India supplied raw materials and forced to buy British goods

British Trade Goods Railroad network Plantation crops tea, indigo, coffee, cotton, jute, opium Opium traded to China for tea U.S. Civil War increased cotton production in India (why?)

Impact of Colonialism in India Positive railroad network allowed for modern economy telephone/telegraph lines dams, bridges, irrigation canals sanitation/health improve schools/literacy increased end to local warfare

Impact of Colonialism in India Negative British held most political and economic power restricted Indian-owned industries (businesses) cash crops caused famine missionaries and racism threatened Indian way of life

Sepoy Mutiny 1857 - Sepoys refused to bite rifle cartridges greased with beef/pork fat Muslims/Hindus Sepoys jailed and set off rebellion throughout India Hindus and Muslims could not unite and defeat British soldiers 1858 - Raj British take direct control of India

Nationalism Grows in India Many Indians begin to demand self-rule for India Two Nationalist Groups form Indian National Congress in 1885 (Hindus) Muslim League in 1906 (Muslims) The division of these two groups made it difficult to achieve independence from Britain