1. British Imperialism in India

2. Jewel in the Crown

3. Causes of Asian Imperialism:
1600’s: British East India Company set up in Bombay, Madras and Calcutta.
1757: East Indian Co. Troops defeat Indian & French. The East India Co. becomes the leading power in India until 1858.
Domination of East Indian Company:
British gov’t. regulates Company’s in London and India.
Company had an army led by British & staffed by sepoys (Indian soldiers)
Served as a large market with a population of 300 million
“Jewel in the crown”

4. Restrictions place on Indian Economy:
Forced to buy British goods
No competition allowed
Cheap clothes from England drove out local producers
Indian Importance Increases:
Railroad network=fast transport of plantation crops—tea, indigo, coffee, cotton, jute and opium.
The Opium was shipped to China in exchange for tea
Tea was then sold in England.

5. Sepoy Mutiny Indian discontent with: Christian missionaries Racism
Declining economic conditions
Greasing rifle cartridges with beef & pork
Result of discontent:
85-90 sepoys refuse to accept the cartridges
Soldiers jailed
May 10, 1857 sepoys rebelled
Marched to Delhi and spread rebellion to N. & Central India
The Sepoy Mutiny had begun!
FIERCE FIGHTING
It took more than a year for E.I. Co. to regain control (British troops were needed to help)
Weak leadership and the split between Muslim and Hindus thwarted sepoy success. Hindu preferred British to Muslim rule.

6. Mutiny=Turning Point British gov’t now had direct command of India
The part of India under direct British Rule was called the Raj—lasted from
Cabinet minister in London controlled policy while a British governor-general (viceroy after 1877) in India carried out out his wishes.
British promised to respect all treaties made w/ E.I. Co.
Indian states that were still free would be allowed to be independent
Racism increased

7. Nationalism ****All the above fosters a growing feeling of nationalism
Demand for more modernization
Greater Indian role in gov’t
Movement away from tradition to more modern
Call for adoption of Western Ways
Fed up with second class standing in their own country
Indians barred from top posts in the Indian Civil Service and were paid significantly—sometimes 20x less than a European
****All the above fosters a growing feeling of nationalism

8. Indian National Congress (1885) & Muslim League (1906)
These groups were formed as a result of growing nationalism
Early on they called for specific reforms
By 1900’s they called for self-government
Conflict over control would continue for many years to come!

9. Impact of Colonialism Negative Positive
Britain held most of the political & economic power
Railroad system allowed India to develop a modern economy & unified and connected regions
Restriction on Indian owned industry (textiles)
Modern roads, telephone lines, dams, bridges and irrigation canals=modernization
Emphasis on cash crops caused:
Loss of self-sufficiency for villagers
Reduced food production--famines
Sanitation & Public Health improved
Increased missionaries and racism threatened traditional Indian life.
Literacy increased due to the expansion of schools and colleges.
British troops put an end to local warfare and cleared out bandits
Impact of Colonialism