History of Jazz America’s Music.

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Presentation transcript:

History of Jazz America’s Music

What is Jazz? A musical conversation: partly planned and partly spontaneous A dialogue among the musicians who perform it.

Elements of Jazz Improvisation (to make up) Rhythmic Uses Call and Response Most songs have solos

Where was Jazz developed? New Orleans Diverse population: African, French, German, Italian, Mexican, English, Native American Known as a melting Pot

Spirituals or Work Songs 1612-Present Before there was jazz, there was slavery. Slaves would sing in the fields to make the work day go faster. Spirituals are the first “church songs.” It is the roots of Gospel.

Blues Pain of lost love, injustice, or adversity Derived from field hollers, work songs, hymns Is the basis for R & B, Rock N’ Roll, & Country

Ragtime 1896-1917 Primarily uses a solo piano Father of Ragtime is Scott Joplin

Dixieland 1900-1928 Typical instrumentation: trumpet, clarinet, banjo, trombone, piano, tuba, & drums. Collective Improvisation; everyone plays at the same time.

Jazz 1920-Present Roaring 20’s Instruments: Saxophone, clarinet, trumpet, rhythm section (piano, bass, guitar, & drums) Use of Chord Progressions

Father of Jazz Played the trumpet Louis Armstrong 1901-1975 Father of Jazz Played the trumpet Known as Satchmo when he would sing or scat (scatting is the use of words and non-sense words)

Big Band Era 1935-1945 Bands formed as hotel dance bands. Fletcher Henderson is 1st band to gain national notoriety. Ellington/Webb put together bands

Big Band Cont’d Clubs open all over NYC (Harlem). Duke Ellington at the Cotton Club Chuck Webb at the Savoy. Only time jazz eclipsed all other forms of music.

Benny Goodman Brings the “swing beat” national attention in 1935. Played the Clarinet Nicknamed “King of Swing”

RCA Victor Talking Machine

Miles Davis James Reese Europe Ella Fitzgerald

Original Dixieland Jazz Band John Coltrane Jelly Roll Morton Billie Holiday Original Dixieland Jazz Band Kid Ory