Many Native American Indians died from smallpox disease.

Native American Indians also died from the harsh working conditions imposed on them by the Europeans.

The deaths of so many Native American Indians created the need for a work force.

Europeans decided to use Africans to replace a dying American Indian population.

Europeans removed millions of Africans between the 1500s and the 1800s.

Africans were stripped of their language, culture, and freedom. They were forced to labor under brutal conditions in plantations in the Americas.

Enslaved Africans were usually captured by warring ethnic groups or tribes and traded to European and American slave traders.

Slaves were traded in exchange for guns and other goods.

The “Middle Passage” was the slave’s voyage across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.

Many slaves died during the Middle Passage because of the terrible conditions on the ships. Slaves were crowded together in small, unsanitary spaces.

Once in the Americas, African slaves encountered brutality and cruelty on plantations in the Americas.

Life expectancy on sugar plantations was low due to the brutal working conditions.

The Transatlantic Slave Trade was a tragic period in world history.

The Transatlantic Slave Trade Effects Causes Middle Passage