Bell Ringer 11/3 Describe what we did in class last Friday. What was the purpose of each station?

World History Chapter 8 Section 4 Economic Expansion and Change

Objective Be able to identify important issues that brought about the beginning of the end of the feudal system.

An Agricultural Revolution Economic revolution was taking place between 1000-1300, or the High Middle ages Peasants adapted to new farming technology Increased productivity Iron plow vs. wood Horse harness vs. oxen Windmill vs. watermill to grind grain

Clear forests and drain swamps to farm more ground 3 field system Grain Legumes Peas or beans empty

Choral Response Iron _____ vs. wood ______ harness vs. oxen Windmill vs. watermill to _____ grain

Trade Revives Goods were needed in Europe Iron for farm tools Wood Furs Spices Traders came back as wars subsided Armed caravans Routes went through Asia and the Middle East

The Route pg. 203 Constantinople- merchants bought Chinese silks, Byzantine gold jewelry, Asian spices Ship them to Venice via the Adriatic Sea From Venice, pack mules went north over the Alps, up the Rhine River, into Flanders From Flanders, goods were taken to England and areas along the Baltic Sea

Trade fairs were started near rivers Peasants would trade goods and animals Rulers, nobles, and churchmen would trade for wools, swords, sugar, and silks

Merchants would close down the fairs in the fall, and often stayed by a castle or a bishop’s palace People were attracted these areas to sell goods to the merchants

North Italy and Flanders had the first cities Revival of cities Small towns began to grow 10,000 to 100,000 North Italy and Flanders had the first cities Textile industries led to growth To begin, founding merchants would ask for a charter Written document that set out rights and privileges of the town

Write it down Rulers, _____, and churchmen would trade for wools, ______, sugar, and silks Charter- Written document that set out ______ and _________ of the town

Money Reappears Merchants began to form partnerships Insurance policy Capital lead to banking houses money Merchants began to form partnerships Pool money together for an investment too costly for one person Insurance policy Small fee to underwriter would insure shipment If goods arrived small fee was only payment If shipment was lost, merchant got money back Bill of exchange

Social Changes Peasants would sell goods for money to pay off money to lords Started bringing end to serfdome By 1300 most peasants were tenet farmers or laborers In towns Old order: noblesclergypeasants 1000- New class appeared with merchants and traders

Nobles and clergy despised the middle class Towns were disruptive Usury was immoral Lending money at interest

Guilds Associations Guilds represented workers in certain occupations Passed laws, levied taxes, decided what to make Paved roads, protective wall, town hall Guilds represented workers in certain occupations Weavers, bakers, brewers, blacksmiths Disputes between craft guilds and merchant guilds led to riots

Role of Guilds Goal: protect economic interest Made rules to ensure quality of goods Regulated hours of labor Regulated prices Open schools and hospitals Help widows and children of guild members

Write it down Guilds represented ______ in certain occupations Opened ________ and _________

Membership Apprentice Most became salaried workers, or journeymen Age 7-14 spent with guild master Payment: room and board Rarely became guild master unless you were related Most became salaried workers, or journeymen Arguments over fair pay

Women and guilds Usually worked in same trade as fathers and husbands Could take over the shop if there was a death Girls would apprentice in ribbonmaking , papermaking, or even surgery Women dominated some guilds in areas like Paris

Write it down Boys served as apprentices from ages ___ to ___ Girls usually worked in same trade as _______ and _______

City Life Surrounded by high walls for protection Often became crowded Cities would build walls farther out Narrow streets with tall houses Busy streets during the day Deserted at night No garbage or sewer system Filthy, smelly, noisy, crowded

Assignment You have the rest of the period to complete a worksheet

Plan for the Week Today: Section 4 Tomorrow: Chapter 8 Review worksheet and notes Wednesday: Review on Zondle Thursday: Chapter 8 Test Friday: Chapter 9 Vocabulary