Allergies 6-2-2018 10 am CST Scientistmel.com Twitter.com/scientistmel Patreon.com/scientistmel 6-2-2018 10 am CST

Allergies What are they? What are the types? How does it happen? Treatments? How do they work?

Allergies What are they? An immune response to anything with a protein signature

Allergies Our immune system is amazing at recognizing foreign proteins and targeting them to prevent us from becoming ill…ie colds, bacterial infections, etc… Sometimes our immune system over reacts to things that are not infectious but have a protein signature.

Allergies Immune system targets invaders It over reacts to pollen, dander, dust, etc.

Allergies What are the types? Seasonal/Perrenial Food Animal Dander Dust Plant Eczema Medication

Allergies According to the American College ofAllergy, Asthma, and Immunology Asthma and allergic diseases are common for all age groups in the US. Asthma affects over 24 million people in the U.S. with more that 6 million being children. As it being the 6th leading cause of chronic illness in the U.S., it has an annual cost of right over $18 billion. More than 50 million Americans suffer from allergies each year.2 Allergic rhinitis aka hay fever, is a exceedingly common with cold like symptoms such as sneezing, stuffy nose, runny nose, watery eyes and itchy nose, eyes or the roof of the mouth. Allergic rhinitis can be seasonal or perennial. Symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis occur year round except for late fall and winter. Caused by allergic sensitivity to trees, grasses or weed pollen and even airborne mold spores. Disability video

Allergies Perennial allergic rhinitis gives symptoms year-round and is caused by sensitivity to house dust mites, animal dander, cockroaches and/or mold spores. Food allergies rarely cause perennial nasal symptoms. Allergic rhinitis treatment options are: avoidance, eliminating or decreasing your exposure to the irritants or allergens that trigger your symptoms, medication and immunotherapy (allergy shots). Immunotherapy (allergy shots) reduces hay fever symptoms in about 85% of people with allergic rhinitis. Food and skin allergies increased in children under 18 years from 1997-2011.3 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), 8.4% of US children under age 18 suffered from hay fever, 10% from respiratory allergies, 5.4% from food allergies, and 11.6% from skin allergies.4 Disability video

Allergies Potential allergy? Anything with protein Protein can interact with immune cells

Allergies - HISTAMINE

Allergies Histamine is a chemical that your mast cells release that cause these cold like symptoms. Histamine in itself can not be stopped from being released by your cells…so one common treatment you may have heard of is the use of antihistamines. So…what do they do? Disability video

Allergies Antihistamines Block histamine interaction on cells Competes with histamine

Allergies Antihistamines prevent histamine from interact with histamine receptors in your body. This stops histamine from causing those cold like symptoms. If you are prone to allergies, it is a good idea to regularly take antihistamines to maintain the presence of these histamine blockers in order to prevent the allergy symptoms. Disability video

Allergies Immunotherapy (Allergy shots) Slow allergen introduction to increase tolerance

Allergies Similar to vaccines, allergy shots slowly introduce the allergens you have (associated with allergic rhinitis) to increase the body’s tolerance by being regularly exposed to it. The immune system over time will stop being hypersensitive to allergens. This particular method is not currently effective for food or medicinal allergies. There is no effective treatment for food allergies outside of avoiding allergy triggers. Disability video

Allergies Anaphylaxis System wide response to an allergen Chemical chain reaction Can be lethal and is rare

Allergies Anaphylaxis Seek medical attention immediately Epi Pens should be on hand

Allergies Anaphylaxis – Epi Pens Contain epinephrine Opens breathing pathways, raises blood pressure, opens blood vessels. Medical attention is still rewuired. The cost of epi pens have risen 400% since 2007. Anaphylaxis – Epi Pens Contain epinephrine Reverses anaphylaxis symptoms

Allergies An immune response to anything with a protein signature Anything with protein can be an allergen Treatments are available for most Exceedingly common

Allergies What are they? What are the types? How does it happen? Treatments? How do they work?

Allergies Sources! https://acaai.org/allergies https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.asp x?contenttypeid=85&contentid=p00039 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2683407/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1699987 https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/allergy- shots/about/pac-20392876 https://www.livescience.com/55872-how-do-epipens- work.html Images via Google Search

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Allergies 6-2-2018 10 am CST Scientistmel.com Twitter.com/scientistmel Patreon.com/scientistmel 6-2-2018 10 am CST