Description of Soil Pit on Huntington River Terrace #1 Caleb Bogin, Cole Guerriere, Sarah Powers, Sarah Lindner 0 cm 4.2 cm O Horizon (0 cm - 4.2 cm) Color: 10yr 4/3 brown Organics, Silty Loam, and Fine Sand. Many roots present. O A Horizon (4.2 cm-14.9 cm). Color: 10yr 4/6 dark yellowish brown Silty to fine sand Variable A horizon boundary with roots & med. to large cobbles throughout A 14.9 cm B Horizon (14.9-49.9 cm, but extended beyond the depth of the pit) Color: 10yr 5/6 yellowish brown Silty Sand A lack of dense organic material, with very few roots in localized areas. Material in this horizon was composed of silt and finer sand than the A horizon. Silty throughout but bottom of the pit began to transition to gravelly silt. Boulders present throughout the horizon. Composition (of B Layer): Si 24.6% Fe 12.4% Al 7.7% K 4.2% Ca 1.1% B 49.9 cm General Notes: Location: Highest (most elevated) terrace Oldest soil in system, by the road Parent Material: Cobbles (indicates high energy depositional environment) Cobbles found throughout all horizons Boulders present in horizon B Immediate post-glacial river system River and Glacial Sediment present Mix of grain sizes with facets and striations in larger clasts Large clasts and variable grain size indicate mid-channel deposition The transition from the A to B horizons was more gradual than the O to A transition. Well developed B horizon shows this soil is older in age relative to other terraces

Description of Soil Pit on Huntington River Terrace #2 Jim Dieser, John Sawyer Shaw, Erin Dundas, Treuvor Holowinsky (Second oldest pit, <9000 years old, upper field, fine grain material on top of gravel) 0 cm 50 cm 25 cm ? cm O O Horizon (0 – 3 cm): Dark greyish brown, very fine sand, grass root systems A/B Horizon (3 – 25 cm): Light olive brown on the Munsell Scale, consists of silt and very fine sand grains, evidence of bioturbation from root systems and minor insect burrowing, strong evidence of plowing due to mixing of A and B horizons A/B B Horizon (25 – ? cm): Light yellowish brown on the Munsell Scale, silt size grains with gravel mixed into the horizon, evidence of bioturbation due to root systems B C Horizon (? cm): No C Horizon observed, assumed to be present at an unknown depth C

Description of Soil Pit on Huntington River Terrace #3 Drew Baker, Alex Collins, Jasper Tyner, Zachary Dreiker 0 cm 57 cm 10 cm 5 cm 35 cm O O-horizon (0-5cm): Includes grass, roots, and other organic material A Horizon (5– 10cm): Described by homogenous clay, some roots. This layer, along with the O-horizon, was affected by years of mowing and tilling. There were also sediments that eroded off of higher terraces and accumulated into these topmost layers. A 10YR 4/3 B-Horizon (10-35cm): Described by homogenous silt/clay, grey clay clasts, some roots. This layer did not have evidence of oxidation because it was too young and too dry of a soil. A lot of the soils here were mixed into the A-layer due to years of agriculture. Definite boundary between B- and C-horizons, likely due to a relatively sudden depositional event (flood of 1927) where sediments from adjacent slopes traveled down to the field, covering the previous top-soil. Plows (colonial or modern) could not penetrate this deep which left the boundary pristine  B 2.5Y 5/4 C-Horizon (35 - ? cm): Material underlying the topmost soils; described by coarse sand and silt (somewhat stratified); deposited in a higher energy stream; darker clay towards bottom indicates evidence for older river bed; deeper sediments would probably be coarse gravel C 2.5Y 4/4 *No evidence for the E-horizon *Second youngest terrace (between 100-5,000 years old) *Lower field *affected by decades of agriculture Bottom of pit

Description of Soil Pit on Huntington River Terrace #4 Lily Zanta, Kacey Clougher, Griffin O’Brien, Abby Zani 0 cm 50 cm 25 cm 12.5 cm 37.5 cm O O Horizon (0 – 2 cm): Very thin layer of organic matter. Dark reddish brown color. Gritty & muddy. Non-decomposed matter, many pine needles. A Horizon (2 – 10 cm): Thin layer of brown, silty sand material. Small and large roots visible. Homogeneous. Recently deposited. A No B Horizon! C Horizon (10 – 50 cm): Parent material. Sand with pockets of clay and decomposing organic material. Very homogenous. Light olive brown in color. Fine sand, no gravel. Low energy floodplain deposited parent material. C General Description: Flood plain elevation. Soils were recently deposited, most likely in the last 100 years. As a result, there was very little development of the present layers and no B Horizon visible. River channel did not pass through the area, since there were no gravel deposits. The element with the highest concentration in the C Horizon was Si, at 28.17%.